Hybrid Vehicle Propulsion

Why hybrid?: The hybrid vehicle concept; Hybrid vehicles and the environment; Emissions and pollution in the urban environment due to transportation: an historical perspective; The global climatic problem; Vehicle emissions legislation; Emission reduction and fuel saving measures; Improvements to current vehicle technologies; New technologies; So why hybrid? The case for hybrid vehicle technology. Hybrid propulsion configurations: Configuration of hybrid power trains; The basic components of a hybrid system; Series hybrid arrangements; Parallel hybrid arrangements; Hydraulic systems; The evolutionary process. Energy storage options: The requirement for energy storage; The advantages of energy storage; Characteristics of energy storage devices; Batteries; Types of battery and their suitability for hybrid applications; Summary of battery performance; Other forms of energy storage; Preferred storage options. Choice of prime mover: Meeting the emission requirements; The spark ignition petrol (gasoline) engine; The diesel engine; Gas turbines; Stirling engines; Steam and other Rankine cycle engines; Fuel cells; Prime-mover choices: summary and conclusions. Performance - power and energy requirements: Types of hybrid vehicle and their performance criteria; Tractive force, power and energy requirements; Performance factors in the various elements of the journey; Rail vehicle performance; The high storage capacity hybrid. Control strategies: Modelling and simulation of hybrid vehicle performance; Full performance analysis and assessment; Control systems; Control strategies; The management of battery hybrid systems; Control strategy and route dependence. Case illustrations: Categories of hybrid vehicle covered; Hybrid domestic cars; Hybrid buses; Flywheel hybrid vehicles; Trams and light rail vehicles; In conclusion.