Introduction to Electrical Power Systems (eBook)

Mohamed E. El-Hawary has been Professor and Associate Dean of Engineering at DalTech of Dalhousie University (formerly the Technical University of Nova Scotia) since 1981. He has written more than 150 technical papers, mainly in power system engineering, and is an author of three textbooks: Power Systems Analysis, Principles of Electric Machines, and Control System Engineering. He is also coauthor of two research monographs on economic operations of power systems. Dr. El-Hawary chairs the IEEE Power Engineering Society Operating Economics Subcommittee, Life Long Learning Subcommittee, and Awards and Recognitions of the System Operations and Dynamic Performance Committee. He is associate editor of Electric Machines and Power Systems and the International Journal of Electric Energy and Power Systems. Dr. El-Hawary is also former Editor in Chief of IEEE Press serves as Editor of the IEEE Press Power Engineering Series.

Preface.

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION.

1.1 A Brief History of Electric Power Systems.

1.2 The Structure of the Power System.

1.3 Outline of the Text.

Chapter 2: BASICS OF ELECTRIC ENERGY SYSTEM THEORY.

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Concepts of Power in Alternating Current Systems.

2.3 Three-Phase Systems.

2.4 The Per Unit System.

2.5 Electromagnetism and Electromechanical
Energy Conversion.

2.6 Permeability and Magnetic Field Intensity.

2.7 Flux Linkages, Induced Voltages, Inductance, and Energy.

2.8 Hysteresis Loop.

2.9 Eddy Current and Core Losses.

2.10 Energy Flow Approach.

2.11 Multiply Excited Systems.

2.12 Doubly Excited Systems.

2.13 Salient-Pole Machines.

2.14 Round or Smooth Air-Gap Machines.

2.15 Machine-Type Classification.

2.16 P-Pole Machines.

2.17 Power System Representation.

Problems.

Chapter 3: POWER GENERATION AND THE SYNCHRONOUS
MACHINE.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 The Synchronous Machine: Preliminaries.

3.3 Synchronous Machine Fields.

3.4 A Simple Equivalent Circuit.

3.5 Principal Steady-State Characteristics.

3.6 Power-Angle Characteristics and the Infinite Bus
Concept.

3.7 Accounting for Saliency.

3.8 Salient-Pole Machine Power Angle Characteristics.

Problems.

Chapter 4: THE TRANSFORMER.

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 General Theory of Transformer Operation.

4.3 Transformer Connections.

Problems.

Chapter 5: ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION.

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Electric Transmission Line Parameters.

5.3 Line Inductance.

5.4 Line Capacitance.

5.5 Two-Port Networks.

5.6 Transmission Line Models.

Problems.

Chapter 6: INDUCTION AND FRACTIONAL HORSEPOWER
MOTORS.

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Three-Phase Induction Motors.

6.3 Torque Relations.

6.4 Classification of Induction Motors.

6.5 Rotating Magnetic Fields in Single-Phase Induction
Motors.

6.6 Equivalent Circuits for Single-Phase Induction Motors.

6.7 Power and Torque Relations.

6.8 Starting Single-Phase Induction Motors.

6.9 Single-Phase Induction Motor Types.

Problems.

Chapter 7: FAULTS AND PROTECTION OF ELECTRIC ENERGY
SYSTEMS.

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 Transients during a Balanced Fault.

7.3 The Method of Symmetrical Components.

7.4 Sequence Networks.

7.5 Line-to-Ground Fault.

7.6 Double Line-to-Ground Fault.

7.7 Line-to-Line Fault.

7.8 The Balanced Three-Phase Fault.

7.9 System Protection, An Introduction.

7.10 Protective Relays.

7.11 Transformer Protection.

7.12 Transmission Line Protection.

7.13 Impedance-Based Protection Principles.

7.14 Computer Relaying.

Problems.

Chapter 8: THE ENERGY CONTROL CENTER.

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Overview of EMS Functions.

8.3 Power Flow Control

8.4 Power Flow

8.5 Stability Considerations

8.6 Power System State Estimation

8.7 Power System Security

8.8 Contingency Analysis

8.9 Optimal Preventive and Corrective Actions

8.10 Dynamic Security Analysis

Chapter 9: THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF ELECTRIC ENERGY
SYSTEMS.

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 Challenges Facing the System.

9.3 Blackouts and their Impact.

9.4 Mitigating and Coping.

REFERENCES.

INDEX.