Surface Complexation Modeling (eBook)

ATHANASIOS K. KARAMALIDIS is a Research Assistant Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University. He has conducted research on the dissolution and surface reactions of complex mineral assemblages in aqueous systems. He has published his work in peer-reviewed international journals in environmental engineering and science, and in the proceedings of international conferences. DAVID A. DZOMBAK is the Walter J. Blenko Sr. Professor of Environmental Engineering in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University. He is also Faculty Director of the Steinbrenner Institute for Environmental Education and Research. He has published numerous articles in leading environmental engineering and science journals, book chapters, articles for the popular press, and has authored two books.

FOREWORD.

PREFACE.

CHAPTER 1 - Aluminum Oxides and Hydroxides underEnvironmental Conditions.

1. INTRODUCTION.

1.1 Occurrence of Aluminum Oxides and Hydroxides in theSubsurface.

1.2 Occurrence of Aluminum Oxides and Hydroxides in SurfaceWater.

1.3 Use of Aluminum Hydroxide in Water Treatment.

1.4 Summary.

CHAPTER - Formation and Properties of Gibbsite andclosely-related minerals.

2. Formation and properties of Gibbsite and closely-relatedminerals.

2.1 Al Polymerization Models.

2.2 Formation of Gibbsite and Other Al-Hydroxides andOxyhydroxides.

2.3 Aluminum Hydroxide Polymorphs: Structure andNomenclature.

2.4 Gibbsite.

2.5 Bayerite.

2.6 Nordstrandite.

2.7 Doyleite.

2.8 Other forms of aluminum oxides and oxyhydroxides.

2.9 Other forms that manufactured under high temperature andpressure.

CHAPTER 3 - Types of Available Data.

3.1 Gibbsite Structure Verification.

3.2 Physical-Chemical Properties.

3.3 Acid-Base Titration Data.

3.4 Cation and Anion Sorption Data.

3.5 Spectroscopic Data for Sorption on Gibbsite.

3.6 Proton Release/Uptake Data.

3.7 Electrokinetic Data.

3.8 Summary.

CHAPTER 4 - Data Compilation and Treatment Methods.

4.1 Collection of data.

4.2 Assessment of Data Quality.

4.3 Compilation of Surface Properties.

4.4 Extraction of Equilibrium Sorption Constants.

4.5 Optimal Fit Simulations.

4.6 Presentation of Results.

CHAPTER 5 - Surface Properties of Gibbsite.

5.1 Surface Area.

5.2 Site Density.

5.3 Point of Zero Charge.

5.4 Surface Acid-Base Chemistry.

5.5 Effects of Dissolution on Gibbsite Surface Acid-BaseChemistry.

5.6 Summary.

CHAPTER 6 - Cation Sorption on Gibbsite.

6.1 Modeling Methodology and Reactions.

6.2 Available Spectroscopic Data and Use in Modeling.

6.3 Copper.

6.4 Lead.

6.5 Cobalt.

6.6 Cadmium.

6.7 Manganese.

6.8 Iron.

6.9 Calcium.

6.10 Zinc.

6.11 Mercury.

6.12 Uranium.

6.13 Thorium.

CHAPTER 7 - Anion Sorption on Gibbsite.

7.1 Modeling Methodology and Reactions.

7.2 Available Spectroscopic Data and Use in Modeling.

7.3 Phosphate.

7.4 Arsenate.

7.5 Arsenite.

7.6 Molybdate.

7.7 Selenate.

7.8 Chromate.

7.9 Borate.

7.10 Sulfate.

7.11 Fluoride.

7.12 Silicate.

CHAPTER 8 - Coherence and Extrapolation of Results.

8.1 Cation Sorption on Gibbsite.

8.2 Anion Sorption on Gibbsite.

8.3 Comparison of Gibbsite surface complexation constants withthose of Goethite, Hydrous Ferric Oxide and Hydrous ManganeseOxide.

8.4 Summary.

REFERENCES.

APPENDIX A. Summary of Experimental Details.