Introduction to Thermo–Fluids Systems Design

Andre G. McDonald, University of Alberta, Canada Hugh L. Magande, Rinnai America Corporation, USA

Preface xi List of Figures xv List of Tables xix List of Practical Notes xxi List of Conversion Factors xxiii 1 Design of Thermo-Fluids Systems 1 1.1 Engineering Design Definition 1 1.2 Types of Design in Thermo-Fluid Science 1 1.3 Difference between Design and Analysis 2 1.4 Classification of Design 2 1.5 General Steps in Design 2 1.6 Abridged Steps in the Design Process 2 2 Air Distribution Systems 5 2.1 Fluid Mechanics A Brief Review 5 2.2 Air Duct Sizing Special Design Considerations 12 2.3 Minor Head Loss in a Run of Pipe or Duct 18 2.4 Minor Losses in the Design of Air Duct Systems Equal Friction Method 20 2.5 Fans Brief Overview and Selection Procedures 44 2.6 Design for Advanced Technology Small Duct High-Velocity (SDHV) Air Distribution Systems 54 Problems 66 References and Further Reading 72 3 Liquid Piping Systems 73 3.1 Liquid Piping Systems 73 3.2 Minor Losses: Fittings and Valves in Liquid Piping Systems 73 3.3 Sizing Liquid Piping Systems 75 3.4 Fluid Machines (Pumps) and Pump Pipe Matching 83 3.5 Design of Piping Systems Complete with In-Line or Base-Mounted Pumps 103 Problems 121 References and Further Reading 126 4 Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design 127 4.1 Definition and Requirements 127 4.2 Types of Heat Exchangers 127 4.3 The Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient 130 4.4 The Convection Heat Transfer Coefficients Forced Convection 138 4.5 Heat Exchanger Analysis 142 4.6 Heat Exchanger Design and Performance Analysis: Part 1 147 4.7 Heat Exchanger Design and Performance Analysis: Part 2 157 4.8 Manufacturer s Catalog Sheets for Heat Exchanger Selection 202 Problems 208 References and Further Reading 211 5 Applications of Heat Exchangers in Systems 213 5.1 Operation of a Heat Exchanger in a Plasma Spraying System 213 5.2 Components and General Operation of a Hot Water Heating System 216 5.3 Boilers for Water 217 5.4 Design of Hydronic Heating Systems c/w Baseboards or Finned-Tube Heaters 227 5.5 Design Considerations for Hot Water Heating Systems 236 Problems 258 References and Further Reading 265 6 Performance Analysis of Power Plant Systems 267 6.1 Thermodynamic Cycles for Power Generation Brief Review 267 6.2 Real Steam Power Plants General Considerations 271 6.3 Steam-Turbine Internal Efficiency and Expansion Lines 272 6.4 Closed Feedwater Heaters (Surface Heaters) 280 6.5 The Steam Turbine 282 6.6 Turbine-Cycle Heat Balance and Heat and Mass Balance Diagrams 286 6.7 Steam-Turbine Power Plant System Performance Analysis Considerations 288 6.8 Second-Law Analysis of Steam-Turbine Power Plants 300 6.9 Gas-Turbine Power Plant Systems 307 6.10 Combined-Cycle Power Plant Systems 324 Problems 332 References and Further Reading 338 Appendix A: Pipe and Duct Systems 339 Appendix B: Symbols for Drawings 365 Appendix C: Heat Exchanger Design 373 Appendix D: Design Project Possible Solution 383 D.1 Fuel Oil Piping System Design 383 Appendix E: Applicable Standards and Codes 413 Appendix F: Equipment Manufacturers 415 Appendix G: General Design Checklists 417 G.1 Air and Exhaust Duct Systems 417 G.2 Liquid Piping Systems 418 G.3 Heat Exchangers, Boilers, and Water Heaters 419 Index 421