Emulsions, Foams, and Suspensions (eBook)

Dr. Schramm has held five executive positions with progressively increasing levels of responsibility in the past six years, including President and CEO of the Saskatchewan Research Council (SRC), Vice President of ARC, and President and CEO of PRI. He has over 25 years of R&D experience in colloid, interface, and petroleum science, has received major national awards for his research, and is best known for his basic and applied research involving petroleum industry applications of suspensions, emulsions, foams, and surfactants. He has substantial R&D management experience, remains an active full Adjunct Professor, and has taught academic and industrial courses in his field, both domestically and internationally. He holds 17 patents, has published seven books, over 300 other scientific publications and proprietary reports, and has given over 100 national and international, plenary, invited, and other scientific presentations. Many of his inventions have been adopted into commercial practice.

PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
INTRODUCTION
The Colloidal State
Classification of Emulsions, Foams, and Suspensions
Characterization and Stability
DISPERSED AND DISPERSED SPECIES CHARACTERIZATION
Surface Area, Porosity, and Permeability
Size and Size Distribution
Conductivity
Sedimentation, Creaming, and Centrifugation
Characterization of Emulsions
Characterization of Foams
Characterization of Suspensions
INTERFACIAL ENERGETICS
Surface Area
Surface and Interfacial Tensions
Pressure and Curved Surfaces
Contact Angle and Wettability
Surfactants and Micelles
Applications of Surface Activity
Other Lyophilic Colloids: Microemulsions
ELECTROKINETICS
Charged Interfaces
Electric Double Layer
Electrokinetic Phenomena
Electrostatic Properties in Nonaqueous Media
COLLOID STABILITY
Electrostatic and Dispersion Forces
DLVO Theory and Practice
Hydration and Steric Effects
Additional Stabilizing Influences
Kinetics
Destabilization of Colloids
COLLOID RHEOLOGY
Principles
Measurement
Non-Newtonian Flow Properties
Other Viscosity Nomenclature and Parameters
Dispersion Rheology
Surface Rheology
Flow in Pipelines and Constraining Media
PREPARATION, INHIBITION, AND DESTRUCTION OF DISPERSIONS
Preparation
Destruction and/or Inhibition
INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
General Uses
Emulsions
Foams
Suspensions
Hazards
APPLICATIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Introduction
Rocks, Sediments, and Soils
Environmental Soil Remediation
Water and Wastewater Treatment
Spills and Other Hazards
Environmental Foam Blankets
MINING AND MINERAL PROCESSING APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Hydraulic Mining and Hydrotransport
Mineral Flotation
Tailings and Tailings Ponds
Dust-Suppressing Foam Blankets
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS
Oilwells and Near Wells
Reservoirs
Surface Operations
MANUFACTURING AND MATERIALS SCIENCE APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Papermaking
Emulsions for Road Paving
Metalworking
Cleaning Processes
Surface Coatings including Paints and Inks
Polymer Synthesis
Ceramic Manufacture
Fire Fighting Foams
FOOD PRODUCT AND AGRICULTURAL APPLICATIONS
Introduction to Food Colloids
Stabilizing Agents
Preparation
Stability
Protein-Stabilized Emulsions
Non-Protein-Stabilized Emulsions
Foam Food Products
Other Food Colloids
Introduction to Agricultural Colloids
BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Vesicle Carriers
Polymer Coatings
Emulsion Carriers
Collids in Diagnostics
PERSONAL CARE PRODUCT APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Detergents, Shampoos
Cosmetic Skin Care Products
Other Personal Care Products
EMERGING AREAS IN EMULSIONS, FOAMS, AND SUSPENSIONS
Smart Colloids
Nanodispersions
Combatting Terror Agents
GLOSSARAY OF EMULSION, FOAM AND SUSPENSION TERMINOLOGY
Introduction
Terms
INDEX
FIGURE CAPTIONS
REFERENCES

"Without being too theoretical, the book is easy to read, covers a wide variety of topics and contains over 900 references. All terms are defined and the equations are well explained. ... The author is to be congratulated on this breadth of interest and, with carefully selected examples discussed clearly, on the real insight it gives to the reader... This book will be useful to researchers in many disciplines in academia or industry - including chemists, physicists, material scientists, pharmacists and chemical engineers - who are entering the fascinating world of colloid and interface science." Chemistry World

"... has proved to be an excellent teaching aid... The most important fundamentals are explained in a concise and perfectly understandable way. At the same time a wide variety of applications is presented, which is of particular interest to Chemical Engineers. However, the book is not only of great interest for students. Experts in fundamentals will also be pleased to see such a broad variety of applications ... provides a fresh look at an already established area from both a scientific and an industrial point of view. The contents are clearly presented, appropriately weighted, and are well organised thanks to the table of contents and the keyword index. ... In summary, I think that scientists in both academia and industry can be added to the readership mentioned by L. L. Schramm in his preface, namely 'senior undergraduate und graduate students."
Tenside Surfactants Detergents & ChemPhysChem

"... even the unitiated will be able to quickly gain an overview of the subject." Plastics Information Europe

"The book provides a fresh look at an already established area from both a scientific and an industrial point of view. The contents are clearly presented, appropriately weighed, and are well organised thanks to the table of contents and the keyword index...
... has proved to be an excellent teaching aid. ... The most important fundamentals are explained in a concise and understandable way. At the same time a wide variety of applications is presented, which is of particular interest to Chemical Engineers. However, the book is not only of great interest for students. Experts in fundamentals will also be pleased to see such a broad variety of applications ... the overall quality of the book. In summary, I think that scientists in both academia and industry can be added to the readership mentioned by L. L. Schramm in his preface, namely 'senior undergraduate und graduate students."
ChemPhysChem

"The book aims to provide an integrated introduction to the nature, formation and occurence, stability, propagation, and uses of the most common types of colloidal dispersion in industries processing."
PU magazine

"This book provides a detailed understanding of emulsions, foams and suspensions and would be useful to persons studying colloidal dispersions."
Carbohydrate Polymers

"The book provides an integrated introduction to the nature, formation and occurrence, stability, propagation, and uses of the most common types of colloidal dispersion in the process-related industries... Overall, the book shows how to approach making emulsions, foams, and suspensions with different useful properties, how to propagate them, and how to prevent their formation or destabilize them if necessary."
Literaturdatenbank der BG Chemie und des Hauptverbandes der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaft

"The author of this volume is experienced in the practical work with foams in the industry, and, therefore, he tried to combine theory and practice giving a integrated introduction to the nature, formation and occurrence, stability, propagation, and uses of the most common types of colloidal dispersions in the view/from the standpoint of the process-related industries. ... Overall, the book is a practice-oriented guideline ... with its glossary of key terms, complete cross-referencing and indexing, this is a must-have for graduate and professional scientist

"Das Buch verschafft einen schnellen Überblick über die grundlegenden Eigenschaften und Anwendungen der behandelten Stoffsysteme." Filtrieren und Separieren

"Laurier L. Schramm schafft es mit seinem Buch, dem Leser einen Einstieg in die Materie zu ermöglichen. ...Zusammenfassend bleibt, dass dieses Buch für den Laien einen weitreichenden Einstieg in das Themengebiet Emulsionen, Schäume und Suspensionen in Grundlagen und Anwendungen bietet." Nachrichten aus der Chemie