Chemical Sensors and Biosensors

Series Preface Author's Preface Acronyms, Abbreviation and Symbols About the Author Introduction Introduction to sensors Sensors and biosensors - definitions Aspects of sensors Transduction Elements Electrochemical transducers - introduction Potentiometry and ion selective electrodes: the Nernst equation Voltammetry and amperometry Conductivity Field effect transistors Modified electrodes, thin film electrodes, microelectrodes and screen printed electrodes Photometric sensors Sensing Elements Introduction Ionic recognition Molecular recognition - chemical recognition agents Molecular recognition - spectroscopic recognition Molecular recognition - biological recognition agents Immobilisation of biological component Performance Factors Introduction Selectivity Sensitivity Time factors Precision, accuracy and repeatability Different biomaterials Different transducers Some factors affecting the performance of sensors Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Potentiometric sensors - ion selective electrodes Potentiometric biosensors Amperometric sensors Conductometric sensors and biosensors Applications of FET sensors Photometric Applications Techniques for optical sensors Visible absorption spectroscopy Fluorescent reagents Indirect methods using competitive binding Reflection methods Light scattering techniques Mass Sensitive and Thermal Sensors The piezo-electric effect Surface acoustic waves Thermal sensors Some Specific Applications Determination of glucose in blood - amperometric biosensor Determination of ng levels of copper (I) in water using anodic stripping voltammetry using an electrode modified with a complexing agent Determination of several ions simultaneously - "the laboratory on a chip" Determination of ato-mole levels of trinitrotoluene (TNT) - antibody with a luminescent transducer Determination of flavanols in beers