Shedding Light on Indoor Tanning (eBook)

1. Introduction.- 2. History and Culture of Tanning in the United States.- 2.1. The Great American Tan.- 2.2. Skin Deep.- 2.3. Beyond the Pale.- 2.4. Before the Dawn.- 2.5. Into the Light.- 2.6. No Tan, No Cure.- 2.7. Sunshine of Life.- 2.8. The Bronze Age.- 2.9. Sun Scorched.- 2.10. Fry Now, Pay Later.- 2.11. Dying for a Tan.- 2.12. Selling the Suntan .- 2.13. The Age of Contradiction .- 2.14. Light on the Horizon.- 2.1.5 Conclusion.- References.- 3. Prevalence and Correlates of Indoor Tanning.- 3.1. Historical and Medical Contexts of Indoor Tanning.- 3.2. Availability of Indoor Tanning Facilities.- 3.3. Prevalence of Indoor Tanning.- 3.4. Correlates of Indoor Tanning.- 3.5. Measurement of Indoor Tanning.- 3.6. Key Points and Conclusions.- References.-  4. Motivations for Indoor Tanning: Theoretical Models.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Theories and Models.- 4.3. Summary.- 4.4. Future directions.- References.- 5. How Ultraviolet Radiation Tans Skin.- 5.1. Ultraviolet radiation.- 5.2. DNA damage and skin cancer development.- 5. 3. Evolution of Skin Pigment.- 5.4. Physiology of Pigmentation.- 5. 5. Physiology of Tanning.- 5. 6. Indoor Tanning.- 5.7. Summary.- References.- 6. Skin Cancer and Other Health Effects of Indoor Tanning.- 6.1. Background.- 6.2. Artificial Tanning and the Risk for Melanoma.- 6.3. Artificial Tanning and Non Melanoma Skin Cancers.- 6.4. Photoaging.- 6.5. UV Radiation and the Immune System.- 6.6. Medical Use of Artificial UV Radiation – Phototherapy.- 6.7. Summary.- References.-  7. Tanning Dependence: Is tanning an addiction?- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Defining Substance Abuse and Dependence.- 7.3. DSM-IV-TR model.- 7.4. Social Learning and Cognitive Model.- 7.5. Behavioral Model.- 7.6. Pharmacologic Model.- 7.7. Mechanism behind tanning dependence.- 7.8. Discussion.- 7.9. Future Research and Conclusions.- References.-  8. Selected Indoor Tanning Myths and Controversies.- 8.1. Introduction.- 8.2. Myth #1: Year-Round UV Exposure is Essential for Good Health.- 8.3. Myth #2: Indoor Tanning is Safer than Suntanning.- 8.4. Myth #3: A Base Tan Before Vacation Reduces Overall Sun Damage.- 8.5. Myth #4: Indoor Tanning is a Safe, Effective, and Less Expensive Alternative to Physician Supervised Phototherapy.- 8.6. Summary.- References.- 9. A Systematic Review of Intervention Efforts to Reduce Indoor Tanning.- 9.1. Introduction.- 9.2. Methods.- 9.3. Results.- 9.4. Issues in Current and Future IT Intervention Research.- 9.5. Conclusions.- References.- 10. Indoor Tanning Regulation, Enforcement, Taxation, and Policy.- 10.1. Introduction.- 10.2. Restrictions on indoor UV tanning access.- 10.3. United States Federal regulations.- 10.4. Indoor tanning advertisements.- 10.5. Compliance with regulations.- 10.6. The role of parental consent and education in youth access to indoor tanning.- 10.7. Lessons learned from tobacco control.- 10.8. Conclusion.- References.- 11. Sunless Tanning.- 11.1. Definition and History .- 11.2. Safety and Adverse Effects of DHA-Based Sunless Tanners.- 11.3. Clinical Uses.- 11.4.  Measurement.- 11.5. Prevalence of Use.- 11.6. Association of Sunless Tanning and Other UVR-Related Behaviors.- 11.7. Promotion of Sunless Tanning for Skin Cancer Prevention.- 11.8. Sunless Tanning in Development.- 11.9. Promising Directions for Future Research on Sunless Tanning.- 11.10. Conclusions.- References.- 12. International Perspectives on Indoor Tanning.- 12.1. Introduction.- 12.2. Prevalence in Europe.- 12.3. Prevalence in Canada and Australia.- 12.4. Predictors of sunbed use.- 12.5. Regulation of sunbed use.- 12.6. Summary and directions for further research.- References.- 13. Indoor Tanning:Past, Present, and Future.- References.