Cell Death Proteins (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Vitamins and Hormones, Volume 53 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 8
Preface 12
Chapter 1. Cell Cycle Checkpoints and Apoptosis: Potential for Improving Radiation Therapy 14
I. Introduction 14
II. Apoptosis 15
III. Linkage of Cell Cycle Checkpoints to Apoptosis 17
IV. Regulation of Cell Proliferation and the Control of Apoptosis 19
V. Effect of Oncogenes on Radiation-Induced Apoptosis 27
VI. Therapeutic Implications 30
References 31
Chapter 2. Structure and Function of Interleukin-1ß Converting Enzyme 40
I. lntroduction 40
II. The IL-1 System 41
III. Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of ICE 43
IV ICE Gene Family Members 61
V. Biological Role of ICE 64
VI. Summary 68
References 69
Chapter 3. The Role of the IGF-I Receptor in Apoptosis 78
I. Introduction 78
II. The IGF-I Receptor in Mitogenesis 80
III. The Signal-Transducing Pathways of the IGF-I Receptor 81
IV. The IGF-I Receptor in Transformation 82
V. Mutational Analysis of the IGF-I Receptor 84
VI. The IGF-I Receptor and Its Ligands in Apoptosis 88
VII. The in Vivo Method for Determining the Extent of Apoptosis 89
VIII. The IGF-I Receptor Protects Tumor Cells from Apoptosis in Vivo 90
IX. The IGF-I Receptor and Apoptosis in Normal Cells 94
X. Dominant Negatives 95
XI. Critique of Antisense Strategies 97
XII. Mechanisms 99
XIII. Host Respones 101
XTV. Significance 103
References 104
Chapter 4. Bcl-2 Family Proteins and the Hormonal Control of Cell Life and Death in Normalcy and Neoplasia 112
I. Introduction 112
II. The Bcl-2 Protein Family 113
III. Mechanisms of Bcl-2 Protein Action 115
IV. Bcl-2 Family Proteins as Determinants of Tumor Resistance to Chemotherapeutic Drugs, Glucocorticoids, Retinoids, Antiandrogens, and Antiestrogens 125
V. In Vivo Patterns of Bcl-2 Family Gene Expression in Hormone- Dependent Tissues and Tumors Derived from Them 128
VI . Conclusions 141
References 141
Chapter 5. Pathways of p53-Dependent Apoptosis 152
I. Introduction 152
II. Dual Personality of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Protein 153
III. Oncogene-Driven p53-Dependent Apoptosis 158
IV. Coupling of p53-Dependent Cell Cycle RegulatoryPathways and Apoptosis 164
V. Downstream Effector Genes of p53-Dependent Apoptosis:The Bcl-2 Bax Connection 169
VI. Growth Factors, Cytokines, and Survival Factors 171
VII. Role of p53-Mediated Modulation of Transcription 173
References 175
Chapter 6. Viral Inhibitors of Apoptosis 188
I. Introduction 188
II. Viral Proteins That Resemble Bcl-2 191
III. Viral Proteins That Inactivate p53 193
IV. Inactivators of Apoptotic Cysteine Proteases 193
V. Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins 196
VI . Virus-Encoded Cytokine Regulators 197
VII. Other Viral Inhibitors of Apoptosis 198
VIII. Conclusions 199
References 200
Index 208