Eukaryotic Transcription Factors (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Eukaryotic Transcription Factors 6
Copyright Page 7
Contents 8
List of Tables 14
About the author 16
Preface 18
Preface to the third edition 20
Preface to the second edition 22
Preface to the first edition 24
Acknowledgements 26
Chapter 1. DNA Sequences, Transcription Factors and Chromatin Structure 28
1.1 The importance of transcription 28
1.2 Chromatin structure and its remodelling 29
1.3 DNA sequence elements 34
1.4 Conclusions 46
Chapter 2. Methods for Studying Transcription Factors 50
2.1 Introduction 50
2.2 Methods for studying DNA–protein interactions 50
2.3 Methods for purifying and/or cloning transcription factors 61
2.4 Use of cloned genes 68
2.5 Conclusions 77
Chapter 3. RNA Polymerases and the Basal Transcriptional Complex 82
3.1 RNA polymerases 82
3.2 The stable transcriptional complex 84
3.3 RNA polymerase I 85
3.4 RNA polymerase III 87
3.5 RNA polymerase II 90
3.6 TBP, the universal transcription factor? 94
3.7 Conclusions 100
Chapter 4. Families of DNA Binding Transcription Factors 104
4.1 Introduction 104
4.2 The homeodomain 105
4.3 The two cysteine two histidine zinc finger 129
4.4 The multi-cysteine zinc finger 134
4.5 The basic DNA binding domain 144
4.6 Other DNA-binding motifs 151
4.7 Conclusions 152
Chapter 5. Activation of Gene Expression by Transcription Factors 162
5.1 Activation domains 162
5.2 Nature of activation domains 163
5.3 Interaction of activation domains with the basal transcriptional complex 169
5.4 Interaction of activation domains with other regulatory proteins 176
5.5 Other targets for transcriptional activators 189
5.6 Conclusions 201
Chapter 6. Repression of Gene Expression by Transcription Factors 210
6.1 Repression of transcription 210
6.2 Indirect repression 210
6.3 Direct repression 218
6.4 Other targets for transcriptional repressors 227
6.5 Conclusions 232
Chapter 7. Regulation of Transcription Factor Synthesis 238
7.1 Transcription factor regulation 238
7.2 Regulated synthesis of transcription factors 238
7.3 Mechanisms regulating the synthesis of transcription factors 256
7.4 Conclusions 267
Chapter 8. Regulation of Transcription Factor Activity 272
8.1 Evidence for the regulated activity of transcription factors 272
8.2 Regulation by protein–ligand binding 274
8.3 Regulation by protein–protein interactions 282
8.4 Regulation by protein modification 292
8.5 Regulation by protein degradation and processing 308
8.6 Role of regulated activity 310
8.7 Conclusions 312
Chapter 9. Transcription Factors and Human Disease 320
9.1 Diseases caused by transcription factor mutations 320
9.2 Cancer 324
9.3 Cellular oncogenes and cancer 326
9.4 Anti-oncogenes and cancer 341
9.5 Conclusions 358
Chapter 10. Conclusions and Future Prospects 368
Index 372
Color Plate Section 388