Dynamics and Control of Electrical Drives (eBook)
XIX, 454 Seiten
Springer Berlin (Verlag)
978-3-642-20222-3 (ISBN)
Dynamics is a science concerned with movement and changes. In the most general approach it relates to life processes as well as behavior in nature in rest. It governs small particles, technical objects, conversion of matter and materials but also concerns people, groups of people in their individual and, in particular, social dimension.
In dynamics we always have to do with causes or stimuli for motion, the rules of reaction or behavior and its result in the form of trajectory of changes.
This book is devoted to dynamics of a wide class of specific but very important objects such as electromechanical systems. This is a very rigorous discipline and has a long tradition, as its theoretical bases were formulated in the first half of the XIX century by d' Alembert, Lagrange, Hamilton, Maxwell and other prominent scientists, but their crucial results were based on previous pioneering research of others such as Copernicus, Galileo, Newton...
This book in its theoretical foundations is based on the principle of least action which governs classical as well as relativistic mechanics and electromagnetism and leads to Lagrange's equations which are applied in the book as universal method to construct equations of motion of electromechanical systems. It gives common and coherent grounds to formulate mathematical models for all lumped parameters' electromechanical systems, which are vital in our contemporary industry and civilized everyday life.
From these remarks it seems that the book is general and theoretical but in fact it is a very practical one concerning modern electrical drives in a broad sense, including electromechanical energy conversion, induction motor drives, brushless DC drives with a permanent magnet excitation and switched reluctance machines (SRM). And of course their control, which means shaping of their trajectories of motion using modern tools, their designed autonomy in keeping a track according to our programmed expectations.
The problems presented in the book are widely illustrated by characteristics, trajectories, dynamic courses all computed by use of developed simulation models throughout the book. There are some classical subjects and the history of the discipline is discussed but finally all modern tools and means are presented and applied.
More detailed descriptions follow in abstracts for the particular chapters.
The author hopes kind readers will enjoy and profit from reading this book.
Contents 12
Introduction 17
References 22
Dynamics of Electromechanical Systems 24
Mechanical Systems 24
Basic Concepts 24
Constraints, Classification of Constraints and Effects of Their Imposition 27
Examples of Constraints 28
External Forces and Reaction Forces d’Alembert Principle
Number of Degrees of Freedom and Generalized Coordinates 35
Lagrange’s Equations 38
Potential Mechanical Energy 41
Generalized Forces, Exchange of Energy with Environment 43
Examples of Application of Lagrange’s Equations Method for Complex Systems with Particles 45
Motion of a Rigid Body 51
Examples of Applying Lagrange’s Equations for Motion of Rigid Bodies 61
General Properties of Lagrange’s Equations 67
Electromechanical Systems 74
Principle of Least Action: Nonlinear Systems 74
Lagrange’s Equations for Electromechanical Systems in the Notion of Variance 81
Co-energy and Kinetic Energy in Magnetic Field Converters 87
Potential Energy in Electric Field Converters 92
Magnetic and Electric Terms of Lagrange’s Function: Electromechanical Coupling 93
Examples of Application of Lagrange’s Equations with Regard to Electromechanical Systems 95
References 121
Induction Machine in Electric Drives 123
Mathematical Models of Induction Machines 123
Introduction 123
Construction and Types of Induction Motors 124
Fundamentals of Mathematical Modeling 128
Mathematical Models of an Induction Motor with Linear Characteristics of Core Magnetization 135
Transformed Models of Induction Motor with Linear Characteristics of Core Magnetization 142
Mathematical Models of Induction Motor with Untransformed Variables of the Stator/Rotor Windings 150
Dynamic and Static Characteristics of Induction Machine Drives 157
Standardized Equations of Motion for Induction Motor Drive 157
Typical Dynamic States of an Induction Machine Drive – Examples of Trajectories of Motion 161
Reduction of a Mathematical Model to an Equivalent Circuit Diagram 178
Static Characteristics of an Induction Motor 182
Methods and Devices for Forming Characteristics of an Induction Motor 189
Control of Supply Voltage 190
Slip Control 194
Supply Frequency fs Control 202
Control of Induction Machine Drive 250
Vector Control 250
Direct Torque Control (DTC) 261
Observers in an Induction Machine 278
References 289
Brushless DC Motor Drives (BLDC) 295
Introduction 295
Permanent Magnet – Basic Description in the Mathematical Model 297
Mathematical Model of BLDC Machine with Permanent Magnets 308
Transformed Model Type d-q 311
Untransformed Model of BLDC Machine with Electronic Commutation 314
Electronic Commutation of BLDC Motors 316
Characteristics of BLDC Machine Drives 323
Start-Up and Reversal of a Drive 324
Characteristics of BLDC Machine Drive 335
Control of Rotational Speed in BLDC Motors 346
Control of BLDC Motor Drives 352
Control Using PID Regulator 352
Control with a Given Speed Profile 360
Control for a Given Position Profile 365
Formal Linearization of BLDC Motor Drive 380
Regulation of BLDC Motor with Inverse Dynamics 383
References 392
Switched Reluctance Motor Drives 395
Introduction 395
Operating Principle and Supply Systems of SRM Motors 398
Magnetization Characteristics and Torque Producing in SRM Motor 404
Mathematical Model of SRM Motor 407
Foundations and Assumptions of the Mathematical Model 407
Equations of Motion for the Motor 409
Function of Winding Inductance 410
Dynamic Characteristics of SRM Drives 414
Exemplary Motors for Simulation and Tests 414
Starting of SRM Drive 415
Braking and Generating by SRM 425
Characteristics of SRM Machines 434
Control Signals and Typical Steady-State Characteristics 434
Efficiency and Torque Ripple Level of SRM 436
Shapes of Current Waves of SRS 441
Control of SRM Drives 445
Variable Structure – Sliding Mode Control of SRM 445
Current Control of SRM Drive 446
Direct Torque Control (DTC) for SRM Drive 453
Sensor- and Sensorless Control of SRM Drive 456
State Observer Application for Sensorless Control of SRM 458
References 460
Index 463
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 28.4.2011 |
|---|---|
| Zusatzinfo | XIX, 454 p. |
| Verlagsort | Berlin |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Informatik ► Theorie / Studium ► Künstliche Intelligenz / Robotik |
| Technik ► Bauwesen | |
| Schlagworte | Control • electrical drives • Induction Machine • Motor Drives |
| ISBN-10 | 3-642-20222-5 / 3642202225 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-3-642-20222-3 / 9783642202223 |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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