Pharmacology and Abuse of Cocaine, Amphetamines, Ecstasy and Related Designer Drugs (eBook)
XI, 300 Seiten
Springer Netherlands (Verlag)
978-90-481-2448-0 (ISBN)
Finally - a book that covers all aspects of the illicit use of cocaine, amphetamines, ecstasy and/or designer drugs such as GHB, written by two experts in their field. The use of these drugs remains a continuous threat in health and medical care delivery, and this book will be an essential asset to the physician who may have to face the evaluation of patients whose use of these drugs compromises an effective treatment plan for other health issues.
The book has been conceived to fill the void in existing physician reference materials, and provides a comprehensive review of the theoretical knowledge and scope of pharmacotherapy in individuals who are hooked on a psychoactive substance.
While detailed scientific information is obtainable in other major articles, the book's straightforward format and style, along with its illustrations, will make for easy reading as emphasis is put on information specifically related to drugs that occur most abused in today's society. The information provided is based on clinical practice rather than pure experimental data, which will give the physician more effective tools useful in their daily practice. Many mechanisms of action of abuse are described in detail and references are provided to direct the reader to further sources for additional information.
As a special feature, the book incorporates uncluttered tables and charts, which result in immediate clarification of the mode of action on the central nervous system and the reason for misuse, thus avoiding usual long and fatiguing text in common reference books. The book aims to give the reader a clear and concise plan on what to do when being faced with an overdose situation.
A well-organized Table of Contents rapidly leads the reader from general pharmacological issues to the specific overdose syndrome and its management. Additionally, significant emphasis is placed on the practical do's and don'ts for physicians, with special reference to the predictive signs of aberrant drug-related behavior and the identification of the drug diverter by using urine drug screening.
Finally - a book that covers all aspects of the illicit use of cocaine, amphetamines, ecstasy and/or designer drugs such as GHB, written by two experts in their field. The use of these drugs remains a continuous threat in health and medical care delivery, and this book will be an essential asset to the physician who may have to face the evaluation of patients whose use of these drugs compromises an effective treatment plan for other health issues.The book has been conceived to fill the void in existing physician reference materials, and provides a comprehensive review of the theoretical knowledge and scope of pharmacotherapy in individuals who are hooked on a psychoactive substance.While detailed scientific information is obtainable in other major articles, the book's straightforward format and style, along with its illustrations, will make for easy reading as emphasis is put on information specifically related to drugs that occur most abused in today's society. The information provided is based on clinical practice rather than pure experimental data, which will give the physician more effective tools useful in their daily practice. Many mechanisms of action of abuse are described in detail and references are provided to direct the reader to further sources for additional information.As a special feature, the book incorporates uncluttered tables and charts, which result in immediate clarification of the mode of action on the central nervous system and the reason for misuse, thus avoiding usual long and fatiguing text in common reference books. The book aims to give the reader a clear and concise plan on what to do when being faced with an overdose situation.A well-organized Table of Contents rapidly leads the reader from general pharmacological issues to the specific overdose syndrome and its management. Additionally, significant emphasis is placed on the practical do's and don'ts for physicians, with special reference to the predictive signs of aberrant drug-related behavior and the identification of the drug diverter by using urine drug screening.
Freye_FM_O.pdf 1
Freye_Ch01_O.pdf 11
Introduction 11
Incidence of Illicit Use of Cocaine and Other Drugs 11
Freye_Part I_O.pdf 14
How It All Started with Cocaine 14
Botanical Characteristics of Coca Leaves 16
Freye_Ch02_O.pdf 18
Production of the Coca Leaf 18
Freye_Ch03_O.pdf 22
Cocaine: History of Use 22
Coca Consumption with Wine 24
Coca in Refreshing Beverages 24
Regulatories for Use of Cocaine 25
Freye_Ch04_O.pdf 28
Popularity of Cocaine as a Drug for Medical Treatment 28
Use of Cocaine as a Local Anesthetic 30
The Different Forms of Cocaine 34
Freye_Ch05_O.pdf 35
The Different Types of Alkaloids in Coca 35
Freye_Ch06_O.pdf 36
The Making of Cocaine in the Jungle 36
Steps Refining Coca Paste to Cocaine Base 38
Trafficking of Cocaine: The Legal Approach 40
Profit Making and Trafficking of Cocaine: The Illegal Approach 40
Smuggling of Cocaine 42
Diluting or “Cutting” of Cocaine 43
Ascertaining the Purity of Cocaine and the Cutting Agent 44
Economics of Cocaine 47
Freye_Ch07_O.pdf 49
Freebase Cocaine: High Bioavailability with Increase in Potency 49
Freebasing of Cocaine: The Ether Wash Method 50
Freebasing of Cocaine: The Baking Soda Method 53
Freye_Ch08_O.pdf 54
Pharmacology of Cocaine 54
Pharmaceutical Cocaine 54
Physicochemical Properties of Cocaine 55
Decomposition of Cocaine 56
Cocaine, as a Local Anesthetic: Mechanism of Action 56
Cocaine’s CNS Effects: Mechanism of Action 59
Emotional Effects of Cocaine 63
Freye_Ch09_O.pdf 66
Addictive Properties of Cocaine: Mode of Action 66
Psychological Dependence 68
Freye_Ch10_O.pdf 70
Cocaine Intoxication: Strategy for Treatment 70
Phase of Early Stimulation 71
Phase of Advanced Stimulation 71
The Depressive Phase 71
Basics in Treatment of Cocaine Overdose (OD) 71
Advanced Treatment of Cocaine OD 72
Selective Approach to Cocaine OD 72
Avoiding Procedures in Cocaine OD 73
Freye_Ch11_O.pdf 74
Special Pathologies in Chronic Cocaine Use 74
The Toxic Cocaine Delirium 74
Cocaine and Myocardial Infarction 75
Treatment of Cocaine-Related Myocardial Ischemia (MI) 76
Secondary Prevention of Cocaine-Related MI 77
Cocaine-Related Rhabdomyolysis 78
Cocaine and Cerebrovascular Ischemia/Hemorrhage 79
Freye_Ch12_O.pdf 80
Summary of Advanced Treatment in Cocaine OD 80
Treatment of Tachyarrhythmia 80
Treatment of Ventricular fibrillation 80
Treatment of Hypertension 81
Treatment of Hyperthermia 81
Treatment of Seizures 81
Lethal Doses of Cocaine 82
Freye_Ch13_O.pdf 83
Chronic Toxicity of Cocaine use 83
Freye_Ch14_O.pdf 86
Summary of Acute-Chronic Effects of Cocaine 86
Duration of Withdrawal Symptoms Following Cocaine Abuse 88
Anchor 2 86
Anchor 3 86
Anchor 4 87
Anchor 5 88
Freye_Ch15_O.pdf 89
Anchor 1 89
Anchor 2 90
Anchor 3 98
Freye_Ch16_O.pdf 100
New Options in the Treatment of Cocaine Dependency 100
The Antiepileptic Gamma Vinyl-GABA (GVG) 100
Disulfiram (Antabuse®) 101
Use of an Anti-cocaine Vaccine 103
Vaccination of the Cocaine User 103
Newer Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors 104
GBR-12909 (Vanoxerine) 104
Venlafaxine (Effexor®) and Ecopipam 104
Outlook Regarding Therapy in Cocaine Abuse 105
Freye_References_16_O.pdf 106
Anchor 1 106
Freye_Ch17_O.pdf 110
Methamphetamine-an Old Aquaintance in New Clothes 110
From Amphetamine to Methamphetamine 111
Freye_Ch18_O.pdf 116
Mode of Action of Methamphetamine 116
Freye_Ch19_O.pdf 119
Pharmacology of Methamphetamine 119
Prescribing Methamphetamine 122
Chemistry of Methamphetamine 123
Freye_Ch20_O.pdf 125
Crystal Methamphetamine 125
Addictive Properties of Methamphetamine 125
Freye_Ch21_O.pdf 130
Treatment Options in Methamphetamine Addiction and Withdrawal 130
Medical Treatment in Methamphetamine Related Depression 131
Non-medical Treatment in Methamphetamine Related Depression 131
Treatment Preventing Methamphetamine Relapse 131
Freye_Ch22_O.pdf 133
Amphetamine Derivatives as Appetite Suppressants 133
Freye_References_22_O.pdf 134
Anchor 1 134
Freye_Part III_O.pdf 136
History of MDMA 136
Freye_Ch23_O.pdf 139
Anchor 3 139
Freye_Ch24_O.pdf 142
Pharmacology of Ecstasy (MDMA) 142
Freye_Ch25_O.pdf 145
Pharmacological Effects of MDMA in Man 145
Onset of Action and Duration of Action 145
The Psychological Effects of MDMA 145
Entactogenesis (“Touching Within”) 146
Empathogenesis 146
Enhancement of Senses 146
Abuse Liability and Psychomotor Performance 147
The Physical Effects of MDMA 147
Cardiovascular Effects of MDMA 148
Neuroendocrine Effects of MDMA 148
Ocular Effects of MDMA 149
Lethal Effects of MDMA 149
Effects in Chronic Use of MDMA 149
Chronic MDMA Use and Neurotoxicity 150
Freye_Ch26_O.pdf 155
Pharmacokinetics of MDMA 155
Primary Metabolism of MDMA 155
Secondary Metabolism of MDMA 157
Interactions and Overdose with MDMA 158
Acute Intoxication with MDMA 159
Hyperthermia 160
Cardiovascular Effects 160
Cerebrovascular Effects 161
Neuroendocrine Effects 161
Hepatotoxicity 162
Psychopathology 162
Treatment of MDMA-Related Toxicity 162
Hyperthermia 163
Cardiovascular Treatment 164
Cerebrovascular Treatment 164
Neurologic Treatment 165
Freye_Ch27_O.pdf 167
Analogues of MDMA and Related Compounds 167
MDA (3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine) 167
MDE or MDEA (N-ethyl-methylenedioxyamphetamine) 167
MMDA (3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxyamphetamine) 167
2-Methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyphenethylamine 168
MBDB (N-methyl-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-N-methylbutan-2-amine) 168
Freye_References_27_O.pdf 169
References 169
Freye_Part IV_O.pdf 175
Freye_Ch28_O.pdf 176
History of Designer Drugs 176
Well-Known Designer Drugs of the Past Years 179
Freye_Ch29_O.pdf 183
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric (GHB) Acid 183
History of GHB 183
Medical Use of g-Hydroxybutyrate 184
Pharmacokinetics of GHB 186
Freye_Ch30_O.pdf 187
The Pharmacology of g-Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) 187
Mode of Action of GHB 187
Dose-Related CNS Effects of GHB 189
Cardiovascular Effects of GHB 189
Respiratory Effects of GHB 190
Neuroendocrine Effects of GHB 190
Sleep Pattern Following GHB 190
Freye_Ch31_O.pdf 191
Use of GHB in Clinical Medicine 191
GHB for Sedation and Anesthesia 191
GHB for Cerebral Protection 191
GHB in Narcolepsy and Insomnia 192
GHB in Alcohol and Opiate Withdrawal 192
Metabolism of g-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) 193
Freye_Ch32_O.pdf 195
Abuse Potential and Intoxication with GHB 195
Incidence of Adverse Effects in GHB Intoxication 195
Principles in GHB Intoxication 196
Effects of Acute GHB Intoxication 197
Cardiovascular Effects with GHB Intoxication 197
Respiratory Effects with GHB Intoxication 197
Psychotic Effects with GHB Intoxication 198
Ocular Effects with GHB Intoxication 198
Metabolic Effects with GHB Intoxication 198
Gastrointestinal Effects with GHB Intoxication 198
Body Temperature in GHB Intoxication 198
Muscular Disorders in GHB Intoxication 199
Miscellaneous Effects in GHB Intoxication 199
Withdrawal and Tolerance Following Use of GHB 199
Treatment Following GHB Intoxication 200
First-Line Treatment in GHB Overdose 200
Cardiovascular Withdrawal Treatment Following GHB Overdose 201
Freye_Ch33_O.pdf 203
Benzylpiperazine (BZP) as a Designer Drug 203
Pharmacology of Benzylpiperazine (BZP) 203
Addictive Effects of Benzylpiperazine 204
Freye_Ch34_O.pdf 206
Natural Products with Abuse Potential 206
Datura a Hallucinogenic 206
Freye_Ch35_O.pdf 207
Toxicity of Datura Stramonium 207
Overdose of Datura 207
Freye_Ch36_O.pdf 209
Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) a Psychedelic 209
Freye_Ch37_O.pdf 211
The Mushroom Psilocybin with Psychedelic Properties 211
Toxicity of Psilocybinly 211
Pharmacological Effects of Psilocybinly 211
Freye_Ch38_O.pdf 214
Ibogaine, Psychedelic Molecule with Anti-addictive Properties 214
Pharmacology of Ibogaine 215
Freye_Ch39_O.pdf 216
Peyote, a Mescaline-Containing Cactus 216
Behavioral Effects Produced by Mescaline 216
Freye_Ch40_O.pdf 218
LSD, a Semisynthetic Psychedelic Drug 218
Pharmacology of LSD 218
Research with LSD 219
The Legal Status of LSD 220
Freye_Ch41_O.pdf 221
5-MeO-DIPT, a Psychedelic Structurally Related to Psiloc(yb)in 221
Pharmacology of 5-MeO-DIPT 221
Legal Status of 5-MeO-DIPT 222
Freye_References_41_O.pdf 223
Anchor 1 223
Freye_Part V_O.pdf 230
Anchor 3 230
Anchor 4 231
Signs of Alcohol Co-abuse in Addiction 231
Freye_Ch42_O.pdf 234
Anchor 1 234
Freye_Ch43_O.pdf 238
Anchor 1 238
Freye_Ch44_O.pdf 240
Anchor 1 240
Freye_Ch45_O.pdf 248
Anchor 2 248
Anchor 3 248
Anchor 4 249
Anchor 5 252
Anchor 6 253
Freye_Ch46_O.pdf 256
Anchor 1 256
Freye_References_46_O.pdf 270
Anchor 1 270
Freye_Appendix_O.pdf 273
Appendix 273
Common Street Names of Cocaine and Methamphetamine used as a Jargon 273
Freye_Index_O.pdf 282
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 21.9.2009 |
|---|---|
| Mitarbeit |
Sonstige Mitarbeit: Joseph V. Levy |
| Zusatzinfo | XI, 300 p. |
| Verlagsort | Dordrecht |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Notfallmedizin |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Pharmakologie / Pharmakotherapie | |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Pflege | |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Pharmazie ► PTA / PKA | |
| Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Biochemie / Molekularbiologie | |
| Technik | |
| Schlagworte | Amphetamine • Cocaine • Drugs • Ecstasy • Gamma-Hydroxybuturate (GHB) • MDMA • Methamphetamine |
| ISBN-10 | 90-481-2448-4 / 9048124484 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-90-481-2448-0 / 9789048124480 |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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