Social Capital and Business Development in High-Technology Clusters (eBook)

Acknowledgments 7
Contents 9
Introduction 10
to 1 How High-Tech Industries Benefit from the Economies of Agglomeration 13
1.1 Introduction 13
1.2 Static Externalities and Industry Productivity 14
1.3 Industry Productivity Equations 16
1.4 Empirical Observations 19
1.4.1 Data 19
1.4.2 Preliminary Facts 21
1.5 Conclusions 25
to 2 Tacit Knowledge Transfer, Geographical Proximity, and Inter-Firm Contracts: The Silicon Valley Case 27
2.1 Introduction 27
2.2 Silicon Valley Firms and Firm Organization 30
2.3 Ranking the Inter-Firm Contracts 31
2.4 Hypotheses and Data 32
2.4.1 Hypotheses 32
2.4.2 Data and Methodology 34
2.4.3 Variable Definitions 38
2.4.3.1 Dependent Variable 38
2.4.3.2 Independent Variables 39
2.4.3.3 Control Variables 40
2.5 Results 41
2.5.1 The Ordered Probit Specification 41
2.5.2 Regression Results 42
2.6 Discussion and Concluding Remarks 44
to 3 Reciprocity, Proximity and Performance of Research Consortia 50
3.1 Introduction 50
3.2 Model 51
3.3 Conclusion 54
to 4 Citizenship, Social Capital, and Spatial Assimilation of Highly Skilled Labor and Location Choice 55
4.1 Introduction 55
4.2 Literature Review: Highly Skilled Labor, Immigration, Assimilation, and Social Capital 56
4.3 The Spatial Distribution of Science and Engineering PhD's 58
4.4 Hypotheses and Data 65
4.4.1 Hypotheses 65
4.4.2 The Data 66
4.4.3 Variables and Definitions 67
4.4.3.1 The Dependent Variable 67
4.4.3.2 Independent Variables 68
4.4.3.3 Control Variables 70
4.5 Methodology and Results 70
4.6 Conclusions and Discussion 76
4.6 Appendix: Variable Descriptions 78
to 5 Ethnic and Technical Clustering: Native-Born Americans Versus Foreign S0E Graduates 82
5.1 Introduction 82
5.2 H-1B Petitions: A Brief Review by Citizenship 83
5.3 Literature Review: Technology Clustering, Ethnic Clustering, and Social Capital 85
5.4 Data, Key Variable Distribution, Hypotheses, and Method 88
5.4.1 Data 88
5.4.2 Spatial Distribution of S& E PhDs, Including Citizenship, Ethnicity, and Occupation in the United States, Using the SDR 2001 Sample Data
5.4.3 Hypotheses 98
5.4.4 Method: Estimation Strategy and Variables 99
5.4.4.1 Estimation Strategy 99
5.4.4.2 The Dependent Variable 100
5.4.4.3 Independent Variables 100
5.4.4.4 Other Control Variables 101
5.5 Results 101
5.6 Conclusion and Policy Implications: United States 109
Index 116