Superior-Order Curvature-Correction Techniques for Voltage References (eBook)
XIV, 182 Seiten
Springer US (Verlag)
978-1-4419-0416-4 (ISBN)
Voltage references represent important VLSI structures, having multiple appli- tions in analog and mixed-signal circuits: measurement equipment, voltage re- lators, temperature sensors, data acquisition systems, memories, or AD and DA converters. Operating as a subcircuit in a complex system, an important requi- ment for this class of circuits is represented by the possibility of implementation in the existing technology, using the available active and passive devices. The most important performances of a voltage reference circuit are represented by temperature behavior, power supply rejection ratio, transient response and, for the latest designs, by low-power low-voltage operation. Depending on the load - quirements, the output of the circuit can be regulated or unregulated. In order to reduce the sensitivity of the reference voltage with respect to the supply voltage variations, modi?ed cascode structures can be implemented, a trade-off between line regulation and low-voltage operation being necessary in this case. A large bandwidth of the voltage reference improves the transient behavior of the circuit, implying also a good noise rejection. Referringtothe possibilities ofimplementinga voltagereferencecircuit,two d- ferent approaches could be identi?ed: voltage-mode and current-mode topologies, being also possible to design a mixed-mode voltage reference.
Preface 6
Contents 10
Chapter 1 Current References 14
1.1 PTAT Current References 15
1.2 CTAT Current References 21
1.3 First-Order Curvature-Corrected Current References 30
1.4 PTAT2 Current References 33
1.5 PTATn Current References Using Computational Circuits 46
References 48
Chapter 2 Zero-Order Curvature-Corrected Voltage References 49
2.1 CTAT Voltage References 50
2.2 PTAT Voltage References 61
References 72
Chapter 3 First-Order Curvature-Corrected Voltage References 73
3.1 Fundamental Principles of First-Order Curvature-Correction Techniques 73
3.2 Compensation of the Base–Emitter Voltage Temperature Dependence Using a PTAT Voltage 74
3.3 Compensation of the Gate–Source Voltage Temperature Dependence Using a PTAT Voltage 100
3.4 Compensation of the Threshold Voltage Temperature Dependence Using a PTAT Voltage 105
3.5 Mutual Compensation of Carriers’ Mobility and Threshold Voltage Temperature Dependencies 112
3.6 Mutual Compensations of the Base–Emitter and Zener Voltage Temperature Dependencies 114
References 120
Chapter 4 Superior-Order Curvature-Corrected Voltage References 123
4.1 Correction of the Base–Emitter Voltage Nonlinear Temperature Characteristic Using a Proper Biasing of the Bipolar Transistor 124
4.2 Compensation of the Base–Emitter Voltage Nonlinear Temperature Characteristic Using a Correction Voltage or a Correction Current 136
4.3 Correction of the Gate–Source Voltage Nonlinear Temperature Characteristic Using a Proper Biasing of the MOS Transistor 151
4.4 Compensation of the Gate–Source Voltage Nonlinear Temperature Characteristic Using a Correction Voltage or a Correction Current 156
4.5 Programmable Voltage Reference Circuit 171
4.6 Floating-Gate Voltage References 175
4.7 Thermal Stabilization Circuit 177
References 179
Chapter 5 Error Sources in Typical Voltage References 180
5.1 Resistor Mismatch 181
5.2 Current Mirror Mismatch 182
5.3 Transistor Mismatch 183
5.4 Resistor Tolerance 183
5.5 Resistor Temperature Coefficient 184
5.6 Early Effect 185
5.7 Supply Voltage Variations 186
5.8 Package-Shift Effects 187
5.9 Layout Errors 187
5.10 Technological Restrictions 188
References 188
Index 189
Erscheint lt. Verlag | 1.9.2009 |
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Zusatzinfo | XIV, 182 p. |
Verlagsort | New York |
Sprache | englisch |
Themenwelt | Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik |
Schlagworte | Analog • CMOS • CTAT • Curvature-Correction Techniques • PTAT • Signal • Temperature Behavior • Temperature Coefficient • VLSI • VLSI Design • Voltage Reference Circuits |
ISBN-10 | 1-4419-0416-6 / 1441904166 |
ISBN-13 | 978-1-4419-0416-4 / 9781441904164 |
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