Large-scale Complex System and Systems of Systems

Dominique Luzeaux has been employed by the French Ministry of Defense for over 20 years. He was Director of the Complex System Engineering Department from 2002 to 2004, and Chief Information Officer from 2005 to 2007. He is currently Director for Land Systems acquisition. He has written over 60 articles in international conferences and journals, and teaches robotics, theoretical computer science and system engineering at graduate level. He has co-authored a book on nanotechnology and microsystems, as well as books on systems of systems. Jean-René Ruault was hired in 2004 by the French Ministry of Defense as an expert in systems engineering, standardization and human factors. He has published several articles on systems engineering and human-computer interactions, and was co-chairman of the ERGO-IA'06 conference as well as co-authoring books on systems of systems. Jean-Luc Wippler has worked as a systems architect for over 20 years in fields such as defense systems, spatial systems, intelligence, and air traffic management. He has also been teaching systems engineering at graduate level for many years.

Author Biographies xi

Introduction xv

PART 1: ENGINEERING LARGE-SCALE COMPLEX SYSTEMS AND EMERGENCY SITUATION MANAGEMENT 1

Chapter 1. Engineering Large-scale Complex Systems 3
Dominique LUZEAUX

1.1. Introduction 3

1.2. The notion of service in large complex systems 7

1.3. Architecture: a key concept 11

1.4. Towards resilient systems 13

1.5. Development of relationships between participants 28

1.6. Complexity: plurality of viewpoints for systems engineering 35

1.7. The maintenance and logistics of systems of systems 59

1.8. Perspectives and lines of enquiry 61

1.9. Conclusion 79

1.10. Bibliography 82

Chapter 2. Management of Emergency Situations: Architecture and Engineering of Systems of Systems 85
Jean-René RUAULT

2.1. Introduction 85

2.2. Main concepts of systems engineering 86

2.3. Context of the emergency situation management scenario 89

2.4. Architecture of component systems of the system of systems 116

2.5. Conclusion 197

2.6. Acknowledgements 197

2.7. Bibliography 198

PART 2: CASE STUDY: ANTARCTICA LIFE SUPPORT FACILITY 205

Chapter 3. Introduction to the Antarctica Life Support Facility Case Study 207
Jean-Luc WIPPLER

3.1. Why Antarctica? 208

3.2. Fictional context of the study 209

3.3. Some data on the Antarctic and Adélie Land 212

3.4. Bibliography 213

Chapter 4. Finding the Right Problem 215
Philippe THUILLIER and Jean-Luc WIPPLER

4.1. What system are we dealing with? 216

4.2. System lifecycle 221

4.3. Who does the system involve? 226

4.4. Creating a working framework 228

4.5. Gathering information 229

4.6. Modeling the context 235

4.7. Understanding and defining goals 236

4.8. Modeling the domain 241

4.9. Defining stakeholder requirements and constraints 247

4.10. Things to remember: stakeholder-requirements engineering 251

4.11. Bibliography 252

Chapter 5. Who Can Solve the Problem? 255
Olivier KLOTZ and Jean-Luc WIPPLER

5.1. Consultation and selection 256

5.2. Responding (and winning) 262

5.3. Committing to a “right” definition of the system to be created 272

5.4. Creating the list of technical requirements 284

5.5. Things to remember: technical requirements engineering 290

5.6. Bibliography 291

Chapter 6. Solving the Problem 293
Charlotte SEIDNER and Jean-Luc WIPPLER

6.1. General approach 294

6.2. Functional design 297

6.3. Physical design 313

6.4. Interfaces 326

6.5. The “playing fields” of the systems architect 333

6.6. EFFBDs 336

6.7. Things to remember: architectural design 342

6.8. Bibliography 343

Chapter 7. Solving the Problem Completely, in a Coherent and Optimal Manner 345
Jean-François GAJEWSKI, Hélène GASPARD-BOULINC and Jean-Luc WIPPLER

7.1. Making the right technical decisions at the right level and the right time 347

7.2. Integrating disciplines 366

7.3. Bibliography 391

Chapter 8. Anticipating Integration, Verification and Validation 393
Daniel PRUN and Jean-Luc WIPPLER

8.1. Positioning integration, verification and validation 395

8.2. Integration, verification and validation in the system’s lifecycle 403

8.3. Analyzing input 405

8.4. Establishing an integration, verification and validation strategy 407

8.5. Defining the infrastructure 419

8.6. Integration, verification and validation organization 422

8.7. Choosing techniques 423

8.8. Things to remember: integration, verification and validation 427

8.9. Bibliography 429

Chapter 9. Conclusion to the “Antarctica Life Support Facility” Case Study 431
Jean-Luc WIPPLER

9.1. “Before we can manage a solution, we need to find one!” 432

9.2. “Modeling isn’t drawing!” 434

9.3. Implementing systems engineering  437

9.4. Acknowledgements 439

9.5. Bibliography 440

Conclusion 441

List of Authors 443

Index 445