FACTS Controllers – Theory, Modeling, and g, and Applications

Kalyan K. Sen, PhD, PE, was a key member of the FACTS development team at Westinghouse Science & Technology Center, where he developed some of the basic concepts of FACTS technology. With more than twenty years of experience in academia and industry, he has twenty-five patents and publications in the areas of FACTS and power electronics. He served as the technical program chair of the 2008 Power & Energy Society General Meeting. He has been serving as an IEEE Distinguished Lecturer since 2002. Mey Ling Sen, Mee, was a consultant engineer at the Westinghouse Electro-Mechanical Division Technology Center. Currently, she is the President of SEN Engineering Solutions. Ms. Sen is the co-inventor of the Sen transformer, which is the most efficient, reliable, and cost-effective FACTS controller.

Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgements. Nomenclature. 1. Applications of FACTS Controllers. 2. Power Flow Control Concepts. 2.1 Theory. 2.2 Implementation of Power Flow Control Concepts. 2.3 Interline Power Flow Concept. 3. Modeling Principles. 3.1 The Modeling in EMTP. 3.2 Vector Phase-Locked Loop (VPLL). 3.3 Transmission Line Steady-State Resistance Calculator. 3.4 Simulation of an Independent PFC in a Single Line Application. 4. Transformer-Based FACTS Controllers. 4.1 Voltage Regulating Transformer (VRT). 4.2 Phase Angle Regulator (PAR). 5. Mechanically Switched FACTS controllers. 5.1 Shunt Compensation. 5.2 Series Compensation. Chapter 6: Voltage-Sourced Converter (VSC). 6.1 Modeling an Ideal VSC. 6.2 DC-to-AC VSC. 6.3 Discussion. 7. Two-Level Pole Design. 7.1 A Three-Phase, Six-Pulse VSC with Two-Level Poles. 7.2 Analysis of a Pole. 8. VSC-Based FACTS Controllers. 8.1 Shunt Compensation. 8.2 Series Compensation. 8.3 Shunt-Series Compensation Using a Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). 9. Sen Transformer. 9.1 Existing Solutions. 9.2 Desired Solution. 9.3 Comparison Among the VRT, PAR, UPFC, and ST. 9.4 Multiline Sen Transformer. 9.5 Flexible Operation of the ST. 9.6 ST with Shunt-Connected Compensating Voltages. 9.7 Limited Angle Operation of the ST with Shunt-Connected Compensating Voltages. 9.8 MST with Shunt-Connected Compensating Voltages. 9.9 Generalized Sen Transformer. 9.10 Summary. Appendix A. Miscellaneous. Appendix B. Power Flow Control Equation in a Lossy Transmission Line. Appendix C. EMTP Files. Bibliography. Index. About he Authors.