Vehicular Networking – Automotive Applications and Beyond

Marc Emmelmann, Researcher, Faculty of Computer science and Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Berlin, Germany As a member of the Telecommunication and Networks Group (TKN), his current research focuses on wireless networks with special interest on supporting mobility for high-velocity vehicles. Special interest has evolved in MAC-layer supported seamless handover with QoS guarantees. He has written numerous journal articles and has contributed to a book chapter. Bernd Bochow, Senior Scientist, Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems (FOKUS), Germany Mr Bochow has been contributing to numerous national and joint European research and development projects (ITEA, EURESCOM, ACTS, IST) as well as performing contractual work for national customers both as a researcher and as a project manager. His recent research interests are in the area of vehicular ad-hoc networking and cognitive radio. He is also participating in the standardization of car-2-car communication systems. He has written several journal articles and contributed to a book chapter. C. Christopher Kellum, Project Engineer, General Motors Europe Global Technology Engineering, Germany Mr Kellum worked five years at General Motors Research & Development in Warren, Michigan during which time he developed collision warning and avoidance applications using enhanced digital map data and vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Additionally, he has contributed to the Society of Automotive Engineers DSRC Data Dictionary standards. Since 2006, he has worked in Europe on vehicle-to-vehicle communication and the Car2Car Consortium as well as object detection sensors for active safety. He has written a number of journal articles.

List of Contributors. Preface. 1 Commercial and Public Use Applications (Dr. Hariharan Krishnan, Dr.Fan Bai and Dr. Gavin Holland). 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 V2XApplications from the User Benefits Perspective. 1.3 Application Characteristics and Network Attributes. 1.4 Application Classification and Categorization. 1.5 Market Perspectives and Challenges for Deployment. 1.6 Summary and Conclusions. References. 2 Governmental and Military Applications (Anthony Maida). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Vehicular Networks for First Responders. 2.3 The Need for Public Safety Vehicular Networks. 2.4 State of Vehicular Network Technology. 2.5 Vehicular Networks for Military Use. 2.6 Conclusions. References. 3 Communication Systems for Car-2-X Networks (Daniel D. Stancil, Fan Bai and Lin Cheng). 3.1 Overview of theV2XEnvironment. 3.2 V2X Channel Models. 3.3 V2X Channel Properties. 3.4 Performance of 802.11p in the V2X Channel. 3.5 Vehicular Ad hoc Network Multichannel Operation. 3.6 Vehicular Ad hoc Network Single-hop Broadcast and its Reliability Enhancement Schemes. 3.7 Vehicular Ad hoc Network Multi-hop Information Dissemination Protocol Design. 3.8 Mobile IP Solution in VANETs. 3.9 Future Research Directions and Challenges. References. 4 Communication Systems for Railway Applications (Benoit Bouchez and Luc de Coen). 4.1 Evolution of Embedded Computers and Communication Networks in Railway Applications. 4.2 Train Integration in a Global Communication Framework. 4.3 Communication Classes and Related Communication Requirements. 4.4 Expected Services from a Railway Communication System and the Related Requirements. 4.5 Qualitative and Quantitative Approach for Dimensioning Wireless Links. 4.6 Existing Wireless Systems Applicable to Railway Communication Systems. 4.7 Networks for On-board Communication and Coupling with the Wayside. 4.8 Integration of Existing Technologies for Future Train Integration in a Global Communication Framework. 4.9 Conclusion. References. 5 Security and Privacy Mechanisms for Vehicular Networks (Panos Papadimitratos). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Threats. 5.3 Security Requirements. 5.4 Secure VC Architecture Basic Elements. 5.5 Secure and Privacy-enhancing Vehicular Communication. 5.6 Revocation. 5.7 Data Trustworthiness. 5.8 Towards Deployment of Security and PET for VC. 5.9 Conclusions. References. 6 Security and Dependability in Train Control Systems (Mark Hartong, Rajni Goel and Duminda Wijesekera). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Traditional Train Control and Methods of Rail Operation. 6.3 Limitations of Current Train Control Technologies. 6.4 Positive Train Control. 6.5 System Security. 6.6 Supplementary Requirements. 6.7 Summary. References. 7 Automotive Standardization of Vehicle Networks (Tom Schaffnit). 7.1 General Concepts. 7.2 Interoperability. 7.3 Wireless Protocols and Standardization Activities. 7.4 Regional Standards Development Progress. 7.5 Global Standardization. References. 8 Standardization of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication (Karine Gosse, David Bateman, Christophe Janneteau, Mohamed Kamoun, Mounir Kellil, Pierre Roux, Alexis Olivereau, Jean-Noel Patillon, Alexandru Petrescu, and Sheng Yang). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Overview of Standards and Consortia Providing Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication Solutions. 8.3 Radio Access Standards for V2I Communications. 8.4 Networking Standards for V2I Communications. 8.5 Summary. References. 9 Simulating Cooperative Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Systems: A Multi-Aspect Assessment Tool Suite (Gerdien Klunder, Isabel Wilmink and Bart van Arem). 9.1 Introduction on Design and Evaluation of Cooperative Systems. 9.2 Design Problems for Cooperative Systems. 9.3 SUMMITS Tool Suite and Multi-Aspect Assessment. 9.4 Integrated Full-Range Speed Assistant. 9.5 System Robustness Simulations with a Multi-Agent Real-Time Simulator. 9.6 Traffic Flow Impacts Simulations in the ITS Modeller. 9.7 Conclusions. References. 10 System Design and Proof-of-Concept Implementation of Seamless Handover Support for Communication-Based Train Control (Marc Emmelmann). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Fast Handover for CBTC using Wi-Fi. 10.3 System Concept and Design. 10.4 Implementation. 10.5 Performance Evaluation. 10.6 Conclusion. References. 11 New Technological Paradigms (Bernd Bochow). 11.1 Evolution and Convergence of Vehicular Networks. 11.2 Future Challenges. 11.3 New Paradigms. 11.4 Outlook: the Role of Vehicular Networks in the Future Internet. References. Further Reading. Acronyms and Abbreviations. Subject Index.