Electrooptic Effects in Liquid Crystal Materials

1 Liquid Crystalline State.- 1.1 Structure of Liquid Crystal Phases.- 1.2 Mixtures.- 1.3 Liquid Crystalline Materials.- 1.4 Direct Influence of an Electric Field on the Structure of Liquid Crystals.- References.- 2 Properties of the Materials.- 2.1 Dielectric Permittivity.- 2.2 Electrical Conductivity.- 2.3 Optical Anisotropy and Dichroism.- 2.4 Viscoelastic Properties.- References.- 3 Surface Phenomena.- 3.1 Structure of Surface Layers.- 3.2 Surface Energy.- 3.3 Cells and Orientation.- References.- 4 Electrooptical Effects Due to the Uniform Distortion of Nematic Liquid Crystals.- 4.1 Electrically Controlled Birefringence.- 4.2 Twist-Effect.- 4.3 Supertwist Effects.- 4.4 “Guest-Host” Effect.- 4.5 The Flexoelectric Effect.- 4.6 Reflectivity in an Electric Field.- 4.7 Field Behavior of the Isotropic Phase.- 4.8 Electric Field Effects in Nematic Polymers.- References.- 5 Modulated and Nonuniform Structures in Nematic Liquid Crystals.- 5.1 Orientational Modulated Structures.- 5.2 Electrohydrodynamic Modulated Structures.- 5.3 Nematics in Spatially Nonuniform Fields.- References.- 6 Electrooptical Properties of Cholesterics and Nonferroelectric Smectics.- 6.1 The Pitch of Helix and the Optical Properties of Cholesterics.- 6.2 Field-Induced Dielectric Instabilities of Cholesterics.- 6.3 Electrohydrodynamic Instabilities in Cholesterics.- 6.4 Flexoelectric Effects.- 6.5 Electrooptical Effects in Blue Phases.- 6.6 Electric Field Behavior of Nonferroelectric Smectics.- References.- 7 Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals.- 7.1 The Physical Properties of Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals. Methods of Measurement.- 7.2 Electrooptical Effects in Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals.- 7.3 Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Polymers.- References.- 8 Applications of Electrooptical Liquid CrystallineMaterials.- 8.1 Displays.- 8.2 Optical Data Processing Devices.- 8.3 Other Applications.- References.