Support I Materialise

Alexander Reichel, Reichel Architekten BDA, Kassel; Kerstin Schultz, liquid architekten, Hochschule Darmstadt.

Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1. Introduction to the subject- The cultural history of load-bearing structures- Prospects, visions (mega-structures, flexible structures, dismantling/reconstruction, new materials) 1.2 Building site- regional, topographical features (climate, surroundings, neighbourhood)1.3 BuildingWhich load-bearing structure is suitable for which purposes: scale and uses: hall buildings, housing construction, office construction?1.4 The design quality of bearing structuresThe difference between visible and non-visible bearing structures1.5 Bearing structures- Overview of bearing structures: from linear (shell) to two-dimensional (wall, ceiling) structures- Principles underlying bearing structures - foundations, support, bracing- Components - support, wall, ceiling 1.6 Static systems- Criteria favouring a specific bearing structure: advantages and disadvantages- shell construction (cross-wall structures?), slab construction, hall building, space frames, shells, hybrid structures, tensile structures, membranes / foils / textiles1.7 Demands placed on material properties- Transfer of tensile forces, pressure, bending stress- Spans, apertures, maximum sizes- Deflexion, jointing [Fugen]/grooves [Nuten]??- Preservation of structures (fire protection, soundproofing, etc.) - Integration of services 1.8 Sustainability- Use, extension, (general definitions)- Maintenance, servicing, longevity, extension/addition, conversion/new use, disassembly, dismantling, recycling- Manufacture + waste disposal, environmental compatibility (general definitions, comparison of building materials)Primary energy requirement, use of resources, damage to environment by harmful substances, life cycle- Cost effectiveness and costs (general definitions, building materials / comparison of bearing systems)- Production costs 2nd Chapter Structural types 2.1. Wall construction (including cross-wall construction and slab construction)Presentation of bearing systems (loads, bearing structures, bracing)- Walls (focus on load-bearing walls; difference to non-bearing walls)- Ceilings, main beams, suspender beams Realisation (as relating to the walls and ceilings?)Masonry (bricks, concrete blocks...)- Reinforced concrete- Connections/drawings - (Connection of the individual elements, layer structure, connections, wall floor ceiling, each between the same and different materials??? 2.2 Shell structures (including half-timber structures)- Bearing systems (loads, bearing structures, bracing) - Building elements, function/role: supports, reinforcing elements (core, ceilings, walls, cables...), girders (including truss girders in this case), in-fills between the building elements, walls and ceilingsRealisation: Steel, reinforced concrete, wood - Connections/drawings: Joining of individual parts, layered construction, connections, wall floor ceiling, each between the same and different materials??? 2.3 Special forms- Hybrid (definition of a hybrid here: Combination of different support systems - distinguished from combinations of materials that act as bearing elements, e.g. Reinforced concrete, structural wood building...)- shell construction- a hall building- space frames- cable-net- membranes- bridges 3rd Chapter Examples (8-10 Projects) - Shell construction: reinforced concrete, wood, steel- Wall construction method: reinforced concrete, masonry, cross-wall construction4. Chapter Appendix- References to standards and guidelines (selection)- Associations- Links- Secondary literature- Tables- Manufacturers- Photo credits/acknowledgements