Robust Design Methodology for Reliability O Book – Exploring the Effects of Variation and Uncertainty

Bo Bergman has held the post of SKF professor at the Department of Quality Sciences at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden since 1999. From 1983 to 1999 he was Professor of Quality Technology and Management at Linkoeping University, where he was responsible for the creation of education and research in the quality field, and previous to this he held varying engineering and managerial positions in the fields of reliability, quality and statistics at Saab Aerospace. His research interests cover wide areas of quality of both a quantitative and a qualitative nature. He has authored more than 50 papers in international scientific journals and has authored and co-authored a number of books -- including new, completely revised English versions of Quality from Customer Needs to Customer Satisfaction and Six Sigma; the Pragmatic Approach. Jacques Demare has held the post of Professor of Mathematical Statistics at Chalmers University of Technology since 1999. The focus of his work has been on both chemical and mechanical applications and he is currently working with statistical methods for material fatigue in co-operation with the Swedish National Testing and Research Institute. At Chalmers he has also worked in different ways to bring the mathematical and engineering disciplines closer together. Thomas Svensson is a research engineer at the Technical Research Institute of Sweden (SP). He obtained his PhD in Fatigue Life Prediction in Service -- A Statistical Approach in 1996, and is a member of the editorial board of Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures.

Preface Acknowledgements About the Editors Contributors PART One METHODOLOGY 1 Introduction Bo Bergman and Martin Arvidsson 1.1 Background 1.2 Failure Mode Avoidance 1.3 Robust Design 1.4 Comments and Suggestions for Further Reading References 2 Evolution of Reliability Thinking - Countermeasures for Some Technical Issues Ake Lonnqvist 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Method 2.3 An Overview of the Initial Development of Reliability Engineering 2.4 Examples of Technical Issues and Reliability Countermeasures 2.5 Discussion and Future Research 2.6 Summary and Conclusions References 3 Principles of Robust Design Methodology Martin Arvidsson and Ida Gremyr 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Method 3.3 Results and Analysis 3.4 Discussion 3.5 Conclusions References PART Two METHODS 4 Including Noise Factors in Design Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (D-FMEA) - A Case Study at Volvo Car Corporation Ake Lonnqvist 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Background 4.3 Method 4.4 Result 4.5 Discussion and Further Research 4.6 Summary References 5 Robust Product Development Using Variation Mode and Effect Analysis Alexander Chakhunashvili, Stefano Barone, Per Johansson and Bo Bergman 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Overview of the VMEA Method 5.3 The Basic VMEA 5.4 The Enhanced VMEA 5.5 The Probabilistic VMEA 5.6 An Illustrative Example 5.7 Discussion and Concluding Remarks Appendix: Formal Justification of the VMEA Method References 6 Variation Mode and Effect Analysis: An Application to Fatigue Life Prediction Par Johannesson, Thomas Svensson, Leif Samuelsson, Bo Bergman and Jacques de Mare 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Scatter and Uncertainty 6.3 A Simple Approach to Probabilistic VMEA 6.4 Estimation of Prediction Uncertainty 6.5 Reliability Assessment 6.6 Updating the Reliability Calculation 6.7 Conclusions and Discussion References 7 Predictive Safety Index for Variable Amplitude Fatigue Life Thomas Svensson, Jacques de Mare and Par Johannesson 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The Load-Strength Reliability Method 7.3 The Equivalent Load and Strength Variables 7.4 Reliability Indices 7.5 The Gauss Approximation Formula 7.6 The Uncertainty Due to the Estimated Exponent beta 7.7 The Uncertainty Measure of Strength 7.8 The Uncertainty Measure of Load 7.9 The Predictive Safety Index 7.10 Discussion Appendix References 8 Monte Carlo Simulation versus Sensitivity Analysis Sara Loren, Par Johannesson and Jacques de Mar'e 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Transfer Function 8.3 Example from an Industrial Context 8.4 Highly Nonlinear Transfer Function 8.5 Total Variation for Logarithmic Life 8.6 Conclusions References PART Three MODELLING 9 Model Complexity Versus Scatter in Fatigue Thomas Svensson 9.1 Introduction 9.2 A Statistical Model 9.3 Design Concepts 9.4 A Crack Growth Model 9.5 Partly Measurable Variables 9.6 Conclusions References 10 Choice of Complexity in Constitutive Modelling of Fatigue Mechanisms Erland Johnson and Thomas Svensson 10.1 Background 10.2 Questions 10.3 Method 10.4 Empirical Modelling 10.5 A Polynomial Example 10.6 A General Linear Formulation 10.7 A Fatigue Example References 11 Interpretation of Dispersion Effects in a Robust Design Context Martin Arvidsson, Ida Gremyr and Bo Bergman 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Dispersion Effects 11.3 Discussion References 12 Fatigue Damage Uncertainty Anders Bengtsson, Klas Bogsjoand Igor Rychlik 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Fatigue Review 12.3 Probability for Fatigue Failure - Safety Index 12.4 Computation of E [D(T )|k] and V [D(T )|k] 12.5 Non Gaussian Loads - Examples References 13 Widening the Perspectives Bo Bergman and Jacques de Mare 13.1 Background 13.2 Additional Engineering Perspectives on Reliability 13.3 Organizational Perspectives on Reliability 13.4 Industrialization of Robust Design Methodology 13.5 Adoptions of Fatigue Reliability Methodology 13.6 Learning for the Future References List of Abbreviations Index