Understanding Trauma

Laurence J. Kirmayer, MD, FRCPC, is James McGill Professor and Director, Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University. He is Editor-in-Chief of Transcultural Psychiatry and directs the Culture and Mental Health Research Unit at the Department of Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital in Montreal where he conducts research on mental health services for immigrants and refugees, psychiatry in primary care, the mental health of indigenous peoples, and the anthropology of psychiatry. He founded and directs the annual Summer Program and Advanced Study Institute in Cultural Psychiatry at McGill and co-directs the National Network for Aboriginal Mental Health Research. His past research includes funded studies on the development and evaluation of a cultural consultation service in mental health, pathways and barriers to mental health care for immigrants, somatization in primary care, cultural concepts of mental health and illness in Inuit communities, risk and protective factors for suicide among Inuit youth in Nunavik (Northern Québec), and resilience among Indigenous peoples. He co-edited the volumes Current Concepts of Somatization (American Psychiatric Press), Understanding Trauma: Integrating Biological, Clinical, and Cultural Perspectives (Cambridge University Press), Healing Traditions: The Mental Health of Aboriginal Peoples in Canada (University of British Columbia Press) and Encountering the Other: The Practice of Cultural Consultation (Springer SBM). Robert Lemelson is currently a lecturer in the departments of Anthropology and Psychology at UCLA, and the president of the Foundation for Research (the FPR). He is a psychological anthropologist with a specialty in culture and mental illness. He was a Fulbright scholar in Indonesia, and is currently releasing several documentary films based on his research on culture and neuropsychiatric disorders. He has published in Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry; Medical Anthropology Quarterly; Transcultural Psychiatry and other journals. Mark Barad is Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of California, Los Angeles and has been the Tennenbaum Scholar from the Department of Psychiatry. His current research and writing further explores the development of adjunctive treatments to accelerate and facilitate the behavioral psychotherapy of anxiety disorders. In addition to his research and teaching, Dr Barad has supervised at the UCLA Anxiety Disorders Clinic and the UCLA General Outpatient Psychiatry Clinic. He also has a private practice as a psychiatrist.

Foreword Robert Jay Lifton; 1. Introduction: inscribing trauma in culture, brain and body Laurence J. Kirmayer, Robert Lemelson and Mark Barad; Part I. Biological Perspectives on Trauma: Introduction Mark Barad; 2. Neurobiological and neuroethological perspectives on fear and anxiety Vinuta Rau and Michael S. Fanselow; 3. Some biobehavioral insights into persistent effects of emotional trauma Mark E. Bouton and Jaylyn Waddell; 4. Learning not to fear: a neural systems approach Gregory Quirk, Mohammed R. Milad, Edwin Santini, and Kelimer Lebrón; 5. Mechanisms of fear extinction: towards improved treatments for anxiety Mark Barad and Chris K. Cain; 6. Developmental origins of neurobiological vulnerability for PTSD Rose Bagot, Carine Parent, Timothy W. Bredy, Tie Yuan Zhang, Alain Gratton and Michael J. Meaney; 7. Somatic manifestations of traumatic stress Emeran A. Mayer; 8. Does stress damage the brain? J. Douglas Bremner; Part II. Clinical Perspectives on Trauma: Introduction Laurence J. Kirmayer; 9. Cognitive behavioral treatments for PTSD Elna Yadin and Edna B. Foa; 10. PTSD among traumatized refugees J. D. Kinzie; 11. PTSD: a disorder of recovery? Arieh Y. Shalev; 12. The developmental impact of childhood trauma Bessel A. van der Kolk; 13. Adaptation, ecosocial safety signals and the trajectory of PTSD Derrick Silove; 14. Religion and spirituality after trauma James K. Boehnlein; 15. Post-traumatic suffering as a source of transformation: a clinical perspective Cécile Rousseau and Toby Measham; Part III. Cultural Perspectives on Trauma: Introduction Robert Lemelson; 16. Trauma, adaptation, and resilience: a cross-cultural and evolutionary perspective Melvin Konner; 17. Bruno and the holy fool: myth, mimesis, and the transmission of traumatic memories Allan Young; 18. Failures of imagination: the refugee's predicament Laurence J. Kirmayer; 19. Trauma, culture and myth: narratives of the Ethiopian Jewish exodus Gadi BenEzer; 20. Post-traumatic politics: violence, memory and biomedical discourse in Bali Leslie Dwyer and Degung Santikarma; 21. Terror and trauma in the Cambodian genocide Alexander Hinton; 22. Trauma in context: integrating biological, clinical and cultural perspectives Robert Lemelson, Laurence J. Kirmayer and Mark Barad; Epilogue: trauma and the vicissitudes of interdisciplinary integration Laurence J. Kirmayer, Robert Lemelson and Mark Barad; Index.