The Human Right to Science

Cesare Romanois a Professor of Law at Loyola Law School, Los Angeles (Loyola Marymount University) and a W. Joseph Ford fellow. Between 1996 and 2006 he created, developed, and managed the Project on International Courts and Tribunals, a joint undertaking of the Center on International Cooperation, New York University, and the Centre for International Courts and Tribunals, University College London, becoming a world-renowned authority in the field of international adjudication. In 2011, he put his knowledge of the law and procedure of international adjudicative bodies to the service of victims of human rights violations. He founded the International Human Rights Center at Loyola Law School, Los Angeles, and, since then, has litigated dozens of cases before variousinternational human rights bodies, including the first case to claim violation of the Right to Science (CESCR, S.C. and G.P. v Italy, 22/2017). In 2018, Professor Romano co-established Science for Democracy, a Brussels-based NGO whose goal is to promote the human right to science and the rights of science, and he has been the organization's Secretary General since 2023. Andrea Boggio is a Professor of Legal Studies in the Department of Politics, Law, and Society and a Fellow of the Center for Health and Behavioral Sciences at Bryant University. Professor Boggio has practiced law full-time both in Italy and the United States, working on litigation involving complex scientific evidence. He joined Bryant University after completing a post-doc in bioethics at the University ofGeneva and teaching applied ethics at Keele University in the United Kingdom. His expertise in the governance of scientific progress and emerging technologies has led to numerous consultancies for international bodies (i.e. UNESCO, WHO, CESCR, and OECD), human rights experts (i.e. the Special Rapporteur on Cultural Rights, the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Education, the Special Rapporteur on Toxics and Human Rights, and the Special Rapporteur on the Freedom of Opinion and Expression), and governments (i.e. Canada and Italy).

Part I: Aims, Methodology and Definitions
Chapter 1: Methodology and Definitions

Part II: The History of the Right to Science
Chapter 2: From the American Declaration to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Chapter 3: From the Universal Declaration to the Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights

Part III: Mapping the Right to Science in Law
Chapter 4: The UN and the Right to Science
Chapter 5: UNESCO and the Right to Science
Chapter 6: Regional Human Rights Regimes and the Right to Science
Chapter 7: The Right to Science in National Constitutions

Part IV: The Normative Content of the Right to Science
Chapter 8: Finding the Normative Content of the Right to Science: An Introduction
Chapter 9: The Right to Scientific Progress and to Scientific Freedom
Chapter 10: The Right to Responsible Scientific Progress (Scientific Responsibility)
Chapter 11: The Right to Participate in Scientific Progress
Chapter 12: The Right to Benefit from Scientific Progress

Part V: Conclusions
Chapter 13: The Future of the Right to Science