Aggression and Bullying in Multicultural Canada

In Canada, first- and second-generation young immigrant women face racism, xenophobia, democratic racism, and other forms of aggression in their daily lives. This book observes and analyzes the experiences of these women from their point of view.

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Aggression and Bullying in Multicultural Canada: The Experiences of Minority Immigrant Girls and Young Women argues that the dominant culture in Canada segregates and ostracizes minority immigrant women and subjects them to aggression and humiliation. This book problematizes Canadian democratic racism, which facilitates the label of an outsider for minority immigrant women, even young adults, who were born in Canada.

Based on extensive research in Greater Toronto Area, York Region, and Hamilton, this book explores first- and second-generation immigrant women’s experience with aggression and xenophobia in various spaces of their daily activities, as well as in different stages of their lives. These young women tolerate their parents’ post-migration frustration, abusive and neglectful school personnel’s attitude, and surrounding societal disapproval regularly. Khayambashi examines the aggression against minority immigrant women at micro, mezzo, and macro levels through a qualitative methodological approach. This book questions how directed aggression and micro-aggression would affect minority women’s identity formation and sense of belonging to their host country.