Research Handbook on Major Sporting Events

Edited by Harry Arne Solberg, Professor of Sports Economics, NTNU Business School, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, Rasmus K. Storm, Head of Research, Danish Institute for Sports Studies, Denmark and Adjunct Associate Professor, NTNU Business School, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway and Kamilla Swart, Associate Professor and Program Director of the Masters in Sport and Entertainment Management, Division of Engineering Management and Decision Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar

Contents:

Introduction to the Research Handbook on Major Sporting Events 1

PART I THE BIDDING AND AWARDING PROCESS
1 Are major sporting events relocated from developed to emerging economies? 18
Wladimir Andreff
2 (Successful) bidding for mega-events: the case of the Olympics 34
Elias B. Leppert and Wolfgang Maennig
3 The urban future of the Winter Olympics 45
Jean-Loup Chappelet
4 The geopolitical economy of major sporting events – where business and management meets politics and geography 60
Nicholas Burton, Simon Chadwick, Paul Widdop and Alex Bond
5 Examining outcomes of sport mega-event bidding for national sports development – the case of Turkey’s bidding for the UEFA EURO 2024 74
Cem Tinaz and Tim Ströbel
6 How big is home advantage at the Olympic Games? 88
Carl Singleton, J. James Reade, Johan Rewilak and Dominik Schreyer
7 Support for major sport event bidding in New Zealand 104
Mel Johnston and Geoff Dickson
8 Auckland’s Auld Mug: the leveraging of major sports event tourism legacies 114
Richard Keith Wright and Chris Barron

PART II PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT (CHALLENGES)
STAKEHOLDERS
9 Stakeholders in major sport events 135
Ryutaro Yamakita, Jordan T. Bakhsh and Milena M. Parent
10 Viewing a local organizing committee of a mega sporting event through the lens of an organization: analyzing performance in the context of organizational structure, design, and leadership 150
Rauf Mammadov
11 The diversity of international sports ecosystems and strategic and economic event models of international sports federations 166
Emmanuel Bayle and Josephine Clausen
12 Entrepreneurs and commercial ownership of sport events – the business development of Formula One 179
Harald Dolles and Karthik Raghunathan
13 Infront: a co-stakeowner of major sport events? 195
Therese Dille and Elsa Kristiansen
14 Sport sponsorship in the logic of value co-creation 207
Jan Schönberner, Stefan Walzel and Herbert Woratschek
15 Mega-event sports sponsorship in the United States 228
Kelly Evans and Stephen L. Shapiro
16 Understanding TV audiences for sports events 243
Daam Van Reeth
17 Mega sports event TV demand: synthesis and outlook 258
Payam Ansari and Dominik Schreyer
18 African continental sporting events and television: a difficult relationship to build 271
Gerard A. Akindes and Wadih Ishac
19 King of the flying hill: TV broadcasts of ski jumping events in Planica, Slovenia 285
Simon Ličen and Mateja Mir
20 Commonwealth Games – legacies and futures 300
Michael Linley

VOLUNTEERS
21 Volunteers at mega and major events – a review 317
Berit Skirstad and Elsa Kristiansen
22 The role of volunteers at major events – creating a sustainable legacy of engagement and future opportunity 332
Joe Milner and Nicola McCullough

FINANCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CHALLENGES
23 Packing and unpacking management control in major sport events 347
Per Ståle Knardal
24 Sporting infrastructure and urban environmental planning 362
Timothy Kellison
25 Environmental impacts of major sport events 373
Pamela Wicker and Tim F. Thormann
26 Sport at the climate crossroads: champions for climate or green-sportwashing? 386
Ricardo Simmonds and Roger Pielke Jr.
27 Mega-events and triple-baseline (un)sustainability 399
Sven Daniel Wolfe, David Gogishvili and Martin Müller
28 Event hosting at Vikersund Ski Jumping Center: stakeholder management and social sustainability 415
Elsa Kristiansen, Lasse Sonne and Therese Dille
29 Co-hosting major sporting events – an emerging trend 426
Stefan Walzel and Becca Leopkey

MARKETING AND PROMOTION STRATEGIES
30 Major sport events and nation branding 440
Brendon Knott
31 An overview and analysis of sports mega-events as part of state soft power strategies 449
Jonathan Grix, Tom Bason, Louis Grix and Joonoh Brian Jeong
32 The international perception of major sport events: image, power and prestige? 461
Jan Haut
33 Sport nationalism in China: the origin, development trajectory, and trends after the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games 472
Jiaxuan Peng, Yi Zhang and Shintaro Sato
34 National pride effects of major sporting events 485
Michael Mutz and Markus Gerke
35 Why Qatar’s hosting of the 2022 FIFA World Cup matters 498
Youcef Bouandel and Mahfoud Amara
36 The FIFA 2022 Men’s World Cup: Transformations in Qatar 508
Umer Hussain and George B. Cunningham
37 Legal issues for mega sport events in the Middle East 521
Zachary R. Calo
38 Understanding tennis spectators’ behavior and the role of social media – cases from Qatar 529
Dalia A. Farrag, Othman Althawadi and Yara Zeyad Ali
39 Promoting major sport events in the Western Cape, South Africa 541
Kamilla Swart and Lyndon Bouah
40 Strategic impacts of non-mega-events on destination brands: a case study of the Cape Town Cycle Tour in Cape Town, South Africa 550
Janice Hemmonsbey

RISK MANAGEMENT AND IRREGULARITIES
41 Large sporting events and public health and safety 563
J. James Reade
42 New era, new normal, new challenges: managing crises and disasters at major and mega sports events 579
Richard Shipway
43 Corruption in connection to major sport events 591
Joerg Koenigstorfer
44 Crime related to major sporting events 607
Ryan Bagwell, Wanda E. Leal and Alex R. Piquero
45 Doping and mega-events: the paradox of doping as a problem and a solution 618
Jan Ove Tangen, Bjørn Barland and Bieke Gils
46 Doping in elite sports: the athletes’ perspective 635
Kjetil Haugen and Harry Arne Solberg

PART III IMPACT AND MEASUREMENTS
47 Economic impact analysis versus social cost-benefit analysis: the case of a large city running event 648
Michiel de Nooij and Peter Horsselenberg
48 The economics of the World Cup 663
Victor A. Matheson
49 Communities affected by the 2014 football World Cup in Porto Alegre, Brazil: local consequences of global events 678
Billy Graeff
50 The Olympic economy on the edge: can the Olympic Games survive its current financial model? 693
Andrew Zimbalist, Harry Arne Solberg and Rasmus K. Storm
51 Economic impacts of sub-mega sports events: a case study of the Ryder Cup 709
Girish Ramchandani, Richard Coleman and Chris Gratton
52 Participation legacy and international sport events hosted in Australia 724
Stephen Frawley and David Bond
53 A socioecological framework for leveraging sport events for youth sport 740
Georgia Teare and Marijke Taks
54 Mass participation effects of major sporting events: establishing a research frontier 758
Rasmus K. Storm and Jon Martin Denstadli
55 Legacy of sliding sports facilities 1924–2026 776
Hannah Campbell-Pegg, Holger Preuss and Maike Weitzmann
56 The importance of measuring the perceptions of local residents – two major international sporting events in Hungary 801
Tünde Máté, Attila Kajos and Zsolt Havran

Index 816