A Commentary on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, Optional Protocol 2

Sabine K. Witting, (Ph.D., Leiden University) is an Assistant Professor at Leiden University, Center for Law and Digital Technologies (eLaw). Her research and teaching focuses on balancing the child’s right to protection from sexual abuse and exploitation with the right to privacy and the rule of law in the digital space. Her dissertation entitled 'Child Sexual Abuse in the Digital Era - Rethinking Legal Frameworks and Transnational Law Enforcement Collaboration’ was published in 2020.

List of Abbreviations


Author Biography


Disclaimer


Acknowledgments


Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography





 1 Introduction


  1.1 Background


  1.2 Impact of Globalisation and Digital Technologies


  1.3 Impact of COVID-19


  1.4 Cross-Cutting Themes





 2 Comparison with Related International Human Rights Standards


  2.1 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989


  2.2 Council of Europe Cybercrime Convention (‘Budapest Convention’), 2003


  2.3 Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse (‘Lanzarote Convention’), 2007


  2.4 African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, 1990


  2.5 African Convention on Personal Data Protection and Cyber Security, 2015


  2.6 Hague Conventions (1980, 1993, 1996)


  2.7 ILO Convention No. 182, 1999





 3 Meaning and Scope


  3.1 Drafting History and Recent Developments


  3.2 Analysis of OPSC Articles





 4 >OPSC in Continuous Need of Review in a Globalised, Digitalised and Rapidly Changing World


Bibliography