Intersections in International Cultural Heritage Law

Anne-Marie Carstens is a Researcher at Georgetown University Law Center, where her research focuses on corollaries in international and domestic law for both cultural heritage and intellectual property protection. She previously served as Visiting Professor of Law at Georgetown Law and taught in Washington and London in the fields of international cultural heritage law, property law, and copyright and international intellectual property law. She holds a DPhil in Law from Oxford University, where her research focused on state obligations to protect cultural property, as well as a JD degree from Georgetown University. Elizabeth Varner is Museum Director of the US National Coast Guard Museum, an Adjunct Professor at Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law where she teaches Art, Museum and Cultural Heritage Law as well as Entertainment Law, and a neutral (arbitration and mediation). She was formerly executive director of two museums and has previously worked for government agencies assisting with guiding the management and use of over 200 million cultural and scientific objects, working with international and public-private partnership issues, developing policies, addressing legal issues, protecting cultural property, and investigating, prosecuting, and repatriating cultural property. She has a MA from the Smithsonian-Corcoran College of Art + Design and a JD from Tulane University School of Law.

Anne-Marie Carstens and Elizabeth Varner: Intersections in International Cultural Heritage Law: An Introduction
I. The Law of Armed Conflict and the Protection of Cultural Heritage
1: Patty Gerstenblith: The Disposition of Movable Cultural Heritage
2: Elizabeth Varner: Comparing Interpretations of States' and Non-State Actors' Obligations Toward Cultural Heritage in Armed Conflict and Occupation: Military Manuals and the Law of War
3: Sabine von Schorlemer: Military Intervention, the UN Security Council, and the Role of UNESCO: The Case of Mali
II. Cultural Heritage-Based Offences in International Criminal Law and in the International Legal Regime for Combatting Transnational Organized Crime
4: Anne-Marie Carstens: The Swinging Pendulum of Cultural Heritage Crimes in International Criminal Law
5: Karolina Wierczynska and Andrzej Jakubowski: The Al Mahdi Case: From Punishing Perpetrators to Repairing Cultural Heritage Harm
6: Janet Blake: Trafficking in Cultural Property: Where Cultural Heritage Law and the International Fight against Transnational Organized Crime Coincide
III. The United Nations System and the Protection of Cultural Heritage
7: Guido Carducci: The Role of UNESCO in the Elaboration and Implementation of Art, Cultural Property, and Heritage Law
8: Kristin Hausler: The UN Security Council, the Human Rights Council, and the Protection of Cultural Heritage: A Matter of Peace and Security, Human Rights, or Both?
9: Gabriele Gagliani: The International Court of Justice and Cultural Heritage: International Cultural Heritage Law Through the Lenses of the World Court Jurisprudence?
IV. Special Legal Regimes for World Cultural Heritage and Underwater Cultural Heritage
10: Lucas Lixinski and Vassilis P Tzevelekos: The World Heritage Convention and the Law of State Responsibility: Promises and Pitfalls
11: Ottavio Quirico: Nested Boxes: Tangible Cultural Heritage and Environmental Protection in Light of Climate Change
12: Sarah Dromgoole: The 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage and Its Principles Relating to the Recovery and Disposition of Material from Shipwrecks
V. The Intersections of International, National, and Community Interests in Cultural Heritage
13: Vanessa Tünsmeyer: Bridging the Gap Between International Human Rights and International Cultural Heritage Law Instruments: A Functions Approach
14: Nout van Woudenberg: Developments Concerning Immunity from Seizure for Cultural State Property on Loan
15: Robert Peters: Nationalism versus Internationalism: New Perspectives Beyond State Sovereignty and Territoriality in the Protection of Cultural Heritage