Perspectives on History and Change in the Karakorum, Hindukush, and Himalaya

Die Beiträge dieses Sammelbandes sind aus einem interdisziplinären Workshop hervorgegangen, zu dem sich im April 1995 die Projektteilnehmer zweier Hochgebirgs- Schwerpunktprogramme der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft getroffen haben. Nordpakistan und Nepal standen dabei im Zentrum. Das für alle Teilnehmer leitende Thema war die Dynamik der Beziehungen zwischen Hoch- und Tiefländern in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart und ihre Auswirkungen in den Bergregionen auf Handel, Bevölkerungsstruktur, Politik, ethnische und religiöse Identitätsprozesse sowie Umweltnutzung und -übernutzung. Zusätzlich werden entwicklungspolitische Aspekte und Maßnahmen diskutiert, mit denen nachhaltige Entwicklung in den Himalaya- Regionen von Pakistan, Indien und Nepal gesichert werden soll.

CONTENTS

Dynamics of Highland-Lowland Interaction – Past and Present

Irmtraud Stellrecht:
Dynamics of Highland-Lowland Interaction in Northern Pakistan since the 19th Century

Christoph Dittrich:
Food Security and Vulnerability to Food Crises in the Northern Areas of Pakistan

Benno Pilardeaux:
Agrarian Transformation in Northern Pakistan and the Political Economy of Highland-Lowland Interaction

Thomas Hoffmann:
Historical Relations between Northeastern Nepal and its Indian and Nepalese Foreland, Exemplified by Migration from the Solu-Khumbu District

Rainer Graafen:
Trade and Trading Villages between Tibet and the Lowlands – The Districts of Mustang and Kaski

Christian G. Seeber:
The Current State of Research on Historical Development – Processes in the Area of Mustang/Lo. Questions Concerning the Crystallization, Decline and Foundation of States and Settlements

Identity Formation in the Context of Change

Martin Sökefeld:
Discourse and Action – Unequivocalness and Ambivalence in Identifications

Andreas Dittmann:
Central Goods and Ethno-Linguistic Groups in the Bazaars of Northern Pakistan – An Example of Central Place Theory Modifications in Mountainous Environments

Johannes H. Löhr:
History as a Social Practice – An Example from Northern Pakistan

Ulrike Müller-Böker:
Tharus and Pahariyas in Chitawan – Observations on the Multi-Ethnic Constellation in Southern Nepal

Monika Krengel:
Migration and the Danger of Loss – Some Aspects of Cultural Identity in Kumaon/Indian Himalaya

Thierry Dodin:
Transregional Buddhist Organizations in Indian Himalaya

Andreas Rieck:
From Mountain Refuge to "Model Area" – Transformation of Shi`i Communities in Northern Pakistan

Environmental Resources – Utilization and Present Exploitation

Jürgen Clemens / Marcus Nüsser:
Resource Management in Rupal Valley, Northern Pakistan – The Utilization of Forests and Pastures in the Nanga Parbat Area

Thomas Cramer:
Climatic Gradients in the Karakorum and their Effects on the Natural Vegetation

Udo Schickhoff:
Ecological Change as a Consequence of Recent Road Building – The Case of the High Altitude Forests of the Karakorum

Dietrich Schmidt-Vogt:
Stand Structure as an Indicator of Forest Change Due to Human Impact – A Methodological Contribution with Examples from Nepal and Northern Thailand

Environment under Pressure – Strategies in the Context of Change

Klaus Seeland:
Sociological Observations on "Community Forestry" in Nepal

Antje Linkenbach:
Social Struggle and Conflict of Interests in the Garhwal Forest

Susanne von der Heide:
Cultural Identity and Nature Conservation in Nepal. The Annapurna Conservation-Area Project – An Initiative Worth Imitating

Roland Hansen:
Remembering Hazards as "Coping Strategy" – Local Perception of the Disastrous Snowfalls and Rainfalls of September 1992 in Astor Valley, Northwestern Himalaya

Joanna Pfaff-Czarnecka:
Complex Communities in Nepal-Himalaya, or: "Solidarity" – A Global Category and a Way of Life

The Transformation of Himalayan "Life Worlds"

Sabine Lentz:
British Officers, Kashmiri Officials, Adultery and "Customary Law"

Hiltrud Herbers:
The Changing Position of Women in Northern Pakistan – From Agricultural Producers to Off-Farm Employees

Muhammad Azam Chaudhary:
Maruts – Gold-Washers of the Indus

Jürgen W. Frembgen:
English Loan Words in Burushaski as a Barometer of Cultural Change

Claus Peter Zoller:
Heroic Ballads and the Biography of a Woman – On Coping with Conflicts in the Western Garhwal Himalaya