Chapter 2
Topic 102: Linux Installation and Package Management

THE FOLLOWING EXAM OBJECTIVES ARE COVERED IN THIS CHAPTER:

•   102.1 Design hard disk layout.
  • Key knowledge areas:
    • Allocate filesystems and swap space to separate partitions or disks.
    • Tailor the design to the intended use of the system.
    • Ensure the /boot partition conforms to the hardware architecture requirements for booting.
    • Knowledge of basic features of LVM
  • The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:
    • /(root) filesystem
    • /var filesystem
    • /home filesystem
    • /boot filesystem
    • EFI System Partition (ESP)
    • swap space
    • mount points
    • partitions
•   102.2 Install a boot manager.
  • Key knowledge areas:
    • Provide alternative boot locations and backup boot options.
    • Install and configure a boot loader such as GRUB Legacy.
    • Perform basic configuration changes for GRUB2.
    • Interact with the boot loader.
  • The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:
    • menu.lst, grub.cfg, and grub.conf
    • grub-install
    • grub-mkconfig
    • MBR
•   102.3 Manage shared libraries.
  • Key knowledge areas:
    • Identify shared libraries.
    • Identify the typical locations of system libraries.
    • Load shared libraries.
  • The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:
    • ldd
    • ldconfig
    • /etc/ld.so.conf
    • LD_LIBRARY_PATH
•   102.4 Use Debian package management.
  • Key knowledge areas:
    • Install, upgrade, and uninstall Debian binary packages.
    • Find packages containing specific files or libraries which may or may not be installed.
    • Obtain package information like version, content, dependencies, package integrity, and installation status (whether or not the package is installed).
    • Awareness of apt
  • The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:
    • /etc/apt/sources.list
    • dpkg
    • dpkg-reconfigure
    • apt-get
    • apt-cache
•   102.5 Use RPM and yum package management.
  • Key knowledge areas:
    • Install, re-install, upgrade, and remove packages using RPM, yum, and zypper.
    • Obtain information on RPM packages such as version, status, dependencies, integrity, and signatures.
    • Determine what files a package provides, as well as find which package a specific file comes from.
    • Awareness of dnf
  • The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:
    • rpm
    • rpm2cpio
    • /etc/yum.conf
    • /etc/yum.repos.d/
    • yum
    • zypper
•   102.6 Linux as a virtualization guest
  • Key knowledge areas:
    • Understand the general concept of virtual machines and containers.
    • Understand common elements of virtual machines in an IaaS cloud, such as computing instances, block storage, and networking.
    • Understand unique properties of a Linux system that have to change when a system is cloned or used as a template.
    • Understand how system images are used to deploy virtual machines, cloud instances, and containers.
    • Understand Linux extensions that integrate Linux with a virtualization product.
    • Awareness of cloud-init
  • The following is a partial list of the used files, terms, and utilities:
    • Virtual machine
    • Linux container
    • Application container
    • Guest drivers
    • SSH host keys
    • D-Bus machine id

1. A Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) disk will use which of the following identifiers?

   1. /dev/hdX
   2. /dev/sataX
   3. /dev/sdX
   4. /disk/sataX

2. Which option given at boot time within the GRUB configuration will boot the system into single-user mode?

   1. single-user
   2. su
   3. single
   4. root

3. During boot of a system with GRUB, which key can be pressed to display the GRUB menu?

   1. Shift
   2. E
   3. V
   4. H

4. When booting, which option can be added to a GRUB configuration line to set or change the root partition at boot time to /dev/sda2?

   1. rootpartition={hd0,2}
   2. root=/dev/sda2
   3. root={hd0,3}
   4. rootpartition=/dev/sda2

5. Which key combination will enable you to edit the kernel options and then boot when using GRUB Legacy?

   1. ESC for editing and then Return to boot
   2. v for editing and then Return to boot
   3. e for editing and then b to boot
   4. v for editing and then b to boot

6. During the boot process for a virtual machine, what is the next step in the boot process after the kernel has taken over the initialization process and initializes devices?

   1. The system BIOS initializes devices.
   2. The system is placed in multi-user mode.
   3. The boot loader initializes the kernel.
   4. The root partition is mounted.

7. Where in the filesystem will the EFI system partition (ESP) typically be mounted?

   1. /etc/efi
   2. /efi
   3. /sys/efi
   4. /boot/efi

8. When partitioning a disk for a mail server running postfix, which partition/mounted directory should be the largest in order to allow for mail storage?

   1. /etc
   2. /usr/bin
   3. /mail
   4. /var

9. Which option within GRUB Legacy is used to indicate that a root partition contains a non-Linux kernel?

   1. initrd
   2. non-linux
   3. rootnoverify
   4. root-win

10. Which command will output a new GRUB2 configuration file and send the output to the correct location for booting?

    1. update-grub > /boot/grub/grub.cfg
    2. update-grub boot > /boot/grub.cfg
    3. grub-rc.d
    4. grub-boot

11. What is the maximum number of primary partitions available on an MBR partitioning system?

    1. 2
    2. 4
    3. 1
    4. 5

12. Which command is used to update the links and cache for shared libraries on the system?

    1. ldcache
    2. cache-update
    3. link-update
    4. ldconfig

13. Which command and option is used to update a Debian system to the latest software?

    1. apt-update
    2. apt-get upgrade
    3. dpkg -U
    4. apt-cache clean

14. Which option given to a yum command will install a given package?

    1. update
    2. configure
    3. install
    4. get

15. What is the location of the home directory for the root user?

    1. /home/root
    2. /home/su
    3. /root
    4. /

16. When using rpm2cpio, by default the output is sent to which location?

    1. STDOUT
    2. The cpio.out file
    3. The a.out file
    4. The /tmp/cpi.out file

17. Which partition or directory structure typically holds most of the programs for a Linux system?

    1. /etc
    2. /usr
    3. /home
    4. /var

18. Your GRUB Legacy configuration includes a dual-boot option with Linux listed first and another operating system listed second. Which of the following options will boot to the Linux partition by default?

    1. default=linux
    2. default=0
    3. default=1
    4. default=other

19. Which file should you edit when using GRUB2 in order to set things like the timeout?

    1. /etc/default/grub
    2. /etc/grub/boot
    3. /etc/boot/grub.d
    4. /grub.d/boot

20. Which yum...