Bullying Prevention and Intervention at School (eBook)

Jacob U'Mofe Gordon, Ph.D., is Professor Emeritus at the University of Kansas; Fulbright Program Senior Specialist and the Kwame Nkrumah Endowed Chair at the University of Ghana, 2012-2015. He is the author and/or co-author of 26 books, numerous articles in academic journals, book chapters, monographs and research reports. His diverse academic publications include Managing Multi-Culturalism in Substance Abuse Services (1994); A Systems Change Approach to Substance Abuse Prevention (1997); The Role of Higher Education in Alcohol and other Drug Abuse Prevention (1993); African Presence in Black America (2004); and An Anthology of African Presidential Leadership and Governance (2017). He is the recipient of many honors and awards; serves on several boards, including the International Bullying Prevention Association (IBPA) and the University of Kansas School of Languages, Literatures and Cultures. He was an international approved evaluator for the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) and served as program evaluator for the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJ) Fighting Back in Kansas City, Missouri.

Preface 5
Acknowledgments 7
Contents 8
Contributors 9
About the Editor 11
Chapter 1: The State of Bullying in Schools 12
Introduction 12
Definition 13
Prevalence and Effect 13
Cost of Bullying 14
Prevention 15
Types of Intervention 17
School Rules and Behavior Management 17
Whole School and Ecological Approach 18
Supervision and School Staff 19
Evaluation 21
Conclusion 23
References 24
Chapter 2: Predictors of Bullying Behavior: An Adlerian Approach 27
Gaps in the Literature 28
Bullying 29
Cyberbullying 29
Literature Review 30
Family Factors 30
School Factors 31
Personal Factors 31
Substance Abuse Factors 32
Theoretical Framework of the Study 32
Study Purpose 33
Research Question 34
Method 34
Dataset 34
Sampling 35
Participants 35
Instrumentation 36
Variables 37
Reliability 37
Validity 38
Data Analysis 38
Results 38
Preliminary Data Analysis 38
Secondary Analysis 39
Discussion 40
Adlerian Counseling Recommendations 42
References 42
Chapter 3: Bibliotherapy as a Strategy for Bullying Prevention 46
Bibliotherapy as a Strategy for Bullying Prevention 46
Theoretical Background of Bibliotherapy 47
Model Practice 51
Analysis of Results 53
Conclusions and Recommendations for Practical Application 58
References 60
Chapter 4: Coaching Teachers in Bullying Detection and Intervention 62
Coaching Teachers in Detection and Intervention Related to Bullying 62
Background and Rationale for the Bullying Classroom Check-Up 63
Core Components of the Bullying Classroom Check-Up (BCCU) 67
Development, Feasibility, and Acceptability of the BCCU 70
Conclusions and Implications 75
Appendix: Sample Bullying Bulletin 77
References 79
Chapter 5: Cyberbullying Prevention and Intervention: Promising Approaches and Recommendations for Further Evaluation 82
Cyberbullying Defined 82
Prevalence of Cyberbullying 83
Trends Over Time 85
Overlap with Traditional Bullying 85
Risk and Protective Factors for Involvement in Cyberbullying 86
Possible Effects of Cyberbullying 86
Cyberbullying Prevention 88
Universal Bullying Prevention Programs Demonstrating Cyberbullying Outcomes 88
Cyberbullying Prevention Program Evaluation Outcomes 90
Prevention Programs Focusing on Both Bullying and Cyberbullying 92
Recommended Strategies for Cyberbullying Prevention 94
A Multitiered Approach 95
Staff Training and Intervention 95
Policies that Address Bullying/Cyberbullying 96
Parental Involvement 96
Efforts to Support Improved Family Functioning 96
Promising Approaches That Warrant Further Attention 97
Conclusions 97
References 98
Chapter 6: “Coping with Bullying” Program in Greek Secondary Schools: An Evaluation 103
Introduction 103
Bullying Coping Strategies: Theoretical Background 104
The Program “Coping with Bullying at School” 105
Content and Objectives 105
Methodological Procedures for the Program’s Adaptation for Use in Greek Schools 105
The Evaluation of the Program’s Implementation in Greek High Schools 106
Research Aims and Questions 106
Methodology 107
Participants 107
Measurements 107
Data Collection Procedures and Analysis 108
Results 111
Descriptive Statistics 111
Frequency of Exposure to Victimization 111
Gender Differences in the Frequency of Exposure to Bullying 112
Age Differences in the Rates of Victimization 112
Cultural Background Differences in the Frequency of Exposure to Intimidation 112
Types of Bullying 113
Previous Exposure to Victimization 113
Perceived Safety at School 113
Self-Efficacy in Coping with Bullying 113
Evaluating the Outcomes of the Anti-Bullying Program 114
Exposure to Bullying, Perceived Safety, and Coping Efficacy 115
Exposure to Bullying 115
Perceived Sense of Safety from Being Bullied 115
Self-Efficacy in Coping with Bullying 116
Coping with Bullying 117
Coping Strategies Before and After Intervention 119
Optimism and Positive Attitude Toward Bullying 119
Wishful Thinking 120
Pretend as if It Is Not Happening 120
Discussion 121
References 124
Chapter 7: Factors in Reporting Mobile Victimization in South African Schools 127
Introduction 127
Literature Review 128
Economic Model 128
Psychological Model 128
Sociological Model 129
Technological Models 130
Towards an Integrative Theoretical Framework for Studying Factors Influencing Under-reporting 131
Methodology 133
Findings and Discussion 134
Economic Factors 135
Nothing Changes/Consequences Are Rarely Severe Enough 135
Psychological Factors 135
Fear 135
Cultural and Social Factors 136
Victim Blaming 137
Technological Factors 137
Technology Does Not Facilitate Efficient and Effective Means of Reporting 137
Reporting to Friends 138
Reporting to Parents 138
Reporting to the School 139
Conclusion 140
References 142
Chapter 8: Measuring Bullying Prevention and Intervention 146
Problems of Definition 146
Purpose 147
Strategic Prevention and Intervention Framework 147
Strategic Prevention/Intervention Framework (SPIF) 148
Standards for Program Evaluation 148
Guiding Principles for Evaluators 149
AEA Guiding Principles: Executive Summary 149
The Principles 149
Evaluation Models 153
Logic Model 153
What Is Logic Model? 154
Why Use a Logic Model? 154
Program Evaluation Reporting 155
Dissemination Strategies 155
References 156
Index 157