Frederick Douglass

Bill E. Lawson is Professor of Philosophy at Michigan State University. His area of research is African-American Social and Political Philosophy and the theory of social contract. He has published numerous articles as well as two books, The Underclass Question, an anthology of writings by African-American philosophers on the issue of the "urban underclass", and Between Slavery and Freedom (with Howard McGary), an examination of ethical issues in the American slavery experience. Frank M. Kirkland is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Hunter College and at the Graduate Centre, both of the City University of New York. He has published a variety of scholarly articles on Kant, Hegel, and Husserl, as well as on the urban underclass and the relation of modernity to African American life. He has also edited a collection of essays entitled Phenomenology, East and West. He is currently completing a scholarly monograph, Hegel and Husserl: Idealist Meditations.

List of Contributors ix

Preface xiii

Acknowledgments xv

Introduction 1

Part I: Racial Assimilation And Emigration 19

Part II: Natural Law And American's Founding Documents 83

Part III: Enlightenment And Enslavement 143

Part IV: Moral Suasion And Rebellion 205

Part V: Incarcerating And Lynching Black Bodies 311

Part VI: Douglass (1818-95): One Hundred Years Later 363

Selected Bibliography 392

Index 395