Urinalysis in Clinical Laboratory Practice

Helen M Free

1. Introduction 2. History 3. Process of Urine Formation 4. Nature and Composition of Urine From Healthy Subjects 5. Urine Collection 6. Good Handling Practices 7. Physical Properties 8. Urine Volume, Density or Specific Gravity, and Osmolality 9. Glucose and Other Reducing Substances 10. Protein 11. Ketone Bodies 12. Gross and Occult Blood 13. Myoglobin 14. Bilirubin 15. Urobilinogen 16. Porphyrins and Related Compounds 17. Microscopic Examination of Urine Sediment 18. Exfoliative Urinary Cytology 19. Bacteriuria 20. Phenylketonuria 21. Other Inborn Errors of Metabolism 22. Enzymes 23. Pregnancy Tests 24. Hormones 25. Sodium and Chloride 26. Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphate 27. Ph and Buffers 28. Trace Elements 29. Toxicological Studies 30. Drugs and Abuse 31. Therapeutic Drugs 32. Catecholamines 33. Urine Studies Relating to Nutrition 34. Special Urine Tests 35. Clarence Studies 36. Routine Urinalysis 37. Urine Controls 38. Automated Urinalysis and Special Instrumentation 39. Urinalysis on Infants and Small Children 40. Radionuclides 42. Radioimmunoassays 43. Urine Preservatives 44. Renal Lithalsas 45. Relationship of Urine to Amniotic Fluid 46. Haemodialysis and Renal Transplantation 47. Creative Approaches to Teaching Urinalysis 48. Urinalysis in Animals 49. Urinalysis Around the World 50. Future Potentialities of Urine Study