China's Lessons for India: Volume I (eBook)

Dr Sangaralingam Ramesh is Economics Tutor in the Department of Continuing Education at the University of Oxford, UK, Lecturer in Economics at the Universite Paris Dauphine GBD in London, UK, and Economics Module Leader at Kings College London, University of London, UK. He has published articles in International Journal of Economic Sciences and Applied Research, Journal of the Knowledge Economy and Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development.

Preface 6
Acknowledgements 8
Contents 10
List of Figures 11
List of Tables 13
List of Maps 14
1 Introduction 15
References 34
2 An Economic History of India 37
Introduction 37
Commercialisation of Agriculture and De-Industrialisation 40
The Post-independence Period 1947–1990 43
Reform and the Post-reform Period 1991–2015 47
State of Economic Reforms in India 56
National Highways Development Project (NHDP) 2001 60
Special Economic Zones 61
National Manufacturing Policy 62
Make in India 63
National Investment and Manufacturing Zones (NIMZs) 63
Delhi–Mumbai Industrial Corridor 64
References 66
3 Models of Economic Growth, Institutional Differences and Socio-economic Costs of Development 69
Introduction 69
Neoclassical and Endogenous Economic Growth 70
Knowledge Spillovers and Entrepreneurship 73
Technology Transfer 80
Institutional Differences Between India and China 83
Socioeconomic Costs of Development 94
Conclusion 95
References 99
4 Modelling China’s Economic Growth 105
Poverty and Development Policy 107
Development of China’s Western Region 117
Market Structure 118
Market Integration 119
Effects of Infrastructure 122
Special Economic Zones 123
Why the Case Study Methodology? 125
Case Study: Propositions 127
Case Study: Criteria and Variables 129
Construct, Internal, External Validity and Reliability 130
References 133
5 Spatial Economics: Theoretical Framework 135
Spatial Economics and Regional Growth Strategies 135
Gunnar Myrdal 136
John Friedmann 136
Friedmann’s General Theory 140
New Economic Geography 142
Infrastructure and Trade 146
References 151
6 Infrastructure, Trade and Income Disparities 154
Infrastructure and Long-Run Economic Growth 154
Trade and Trade Costs 157
Regional Income Disparities 163
Frontier Empirical Spatial Economics 166
Transport Costs and the New Economic Geography 172
Input-Output Analysis in Spatial Economics 174
Interregional Input-Output Analysis 177
Input-Output Multipliers and Non-Survey Methods 179
Input-Output and the Chinese Spatial Economy 181
Agglomeration and Regional Linkages in China 184
Conclusion 185
References 188
7 Transportation Infrastructure and Spatial Development in China 194
Infrastructure Projects in the Maoist Period, 1952–1977 197
The Great Leap Forward 203
The Cultural Revolution 207
Infrastructure Projects During Deng Xiaoping’s “Four Modernizations”1978–1995 212
Post Mao Economic Policy 220
Infrastructure and the Post-1978 Economic Reforms 225
Market Integration 230
Price Distortions and Infrastructure Investments 236
The Western Development Program 241
Pakistan China Economic Corridor (PCEC) 247
“Innovation, Coordination, the Environment, Opening up and Sharing”, 2016–2020 250
References 258
Conclusion 264
Index 266