Lifelong Education for Adults (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Lifelong Education for Adults: An International Handbook 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Preface 18
Introduction 24
Section 1: Theory and Principles of Adult Education 42
Chepter 1. Theory and PrinciplesofAdult Education 44
Introduction 44
Chepter 2. Lifelong Education 46
Introduction 46
Lifelong Education: Growth of the Concept 46
Lifelong Education: Interaction with Adult Education 50
Chepter 3. The Field of Adult Education 54
Introduction 54
Concepts and Definitions 54
Andragogy 60
Content, Purpose, and Practice 63
Curriculum 70
Ideologies in Adult Education 76
UNESCO Recommendations 80
Chepter 4. Thematic Variations in Adult Education 84
Introduction 84
Recurrent Education 84
Community Education and Community Development 92
Sociocultural Animation 95
Formal and Nonformal Education: Future Strategies 98
Nonformal Education 101
Nonformal Education Policy: Developing Countries 105
Mandatory Continuing Education 111
Section 2: Purposes of Adult Education 114
Chepter 1. Purposes of Adult Education 116
Introduction 116
Chepter 2. Adult Literacy 118
Introduction 118
Literacy and Numeracy Policiesl 118
Adult Literacy in Developed Countries 125
Adult Literacy: Size of the Problem 129
Second Stage Adult Literacy 130
Chepter 3. Adult Education for Employment 134
Introduction 134
Purposes and Principles 134
Policies, Participation, and Structure 137
The Educators 142
Employment Policy and Adult Education 146
Adult Education for Employment: United States 149
Chepter 4. Role Education 154
Introduction 154
Adult Education for Social Action 154
Political Education 157
Family-life Education 162
Chepter 5. Education for Change 166
Introduction 166
Adult Education and Development: The Urban Experience 167
Primary Health Care 169
Population Education 172
Environmental Education 174
Peace Education 175
Section 3: Participation and Recruitment 180
Chepter 1. Participation and Recruitment 182
Introduction 182
Factors in Participation 186
Participant Motivation 188
Outreach Work 192
Adult Education Counseling 195
Counselling Older Adults 198
Paid Educational Leave 200
Prior Life Experience and Higher Education 203
Section 4: Teaching and Learning 210
Chepter 1. Teaching and Learning 212
Introduction 212
Chepter 2. Learning and Life 216
Introduction 216
Adulthood 217
Old Age 220
Lifespan Learning Development 224
Lifespan Learning: Implications for Educators 228
Experiential Learning for Adults 234
Personal Perspective Change through Adult Learning 236
Organizational Change and Adult Education 239
Chepter 3. Teaching and Evaluation 242
Introduction 242
Teaching Methods for Adults 243
Teacher Roles and Teaching Styles 249
Nonformal Education: Instruction 253
Integrated Rural Development: Specialized Training Programs 255
Evaluation in Adult Education 257
Adult Education Evaluation in Developing Countries 260
Chepter 4. Learning: Organization and Support 266
Introduction 266
Learning Styles 267
Group Learning 274
New Therapies: Adult Education Applications 277
Integrated Rural Development: Community Organization 279
"Campaign": A Technique in Adult Education 281
Study Circles in Sweden 283
Media Support in Adult Education 285
Computers 288
Chepter 5. Self-directed and Distance Learning 294
Introduction 294
Self-directed Learning: Theories 295
Self-directed Learning: Concepts and Practice 297
Self-directed Learning in Distance Learning 301
Distance Education 303
Correspondence Study 309
Section 5: Providers 314
Chepter 1. Providers 316
Introduction 316
Providers of Adult Education 320
Adult Education in Public Schools 324
Community Colleges in Adult Education 327
Universities and Adult Education: Policies and Programmes 329
Open Access Institutions for Adults: Some Higher Education Cases 334
Adult Education for Profit 337
Christian Churches and Adult Education 339
Libraries and Adult Education 343
Museums and Galleries in Adult Education 347
Section 6: Target Groups 350
Chepter 1. Target Groups 352
Introduction 352
Chepter 2. Age and Sex Groups 356
Introduction 356
Education for Young Adults 356
Education for Older Adults 360
Adult Education for Womenl 363
Chepter 3. Socially Isolated Groups 376
Introduction 376
Disabled Adults: Educational Provision 376
Educating the Isolated 381
Adult Education in Prisons 384
Chepter 4. Occupational Groups 390
Introduction 390
Workers' Education 390
Education in the Armed Forces 398
Training of Adult Educators 401
Continuing Education of the Business Executive 411
Continuing Education of the Professional 414
Section 7: National Programs andOrganization 420
Chepter 1. National Programs andOrganization 422
Introduction 422
Chepter 2. Developed Countries 430
Introduction 430
Provision in the United States 431
Provision in Canada 437
Provision in Western Europe 440
Provision in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union 448
Provision in Australasia 456
Provision in Japan 460
Chepter 3. Chapter Developing Countries 464
Introduction 464
Provision in the Caribbean 465
Provision m Africa 467
Provision in South Africa 474
Provision in the Indian Subcontinent 477
Provision in Southeast Asia 483
Provision in the People's Republic of China 487
Section 8: Regional and InternationalOrganizations 492
Chepter 1. Regional and InternationalOrganizations 494
Introduction 494
North America 496
Latin America 498
Western Europe 502
Africa 503
The Arab Countries 504
Asia 506
International Adult Education 509
International Council for Adult Education 513
Section 9: Legislation and Finance 516
Chepter 1. Legislation and Finance 518
Introduction 518
Adult Education Legislation in Western Europe 522
Financing Lifelong Education 525
Financing Adult Education 527
Financing Adult Education for Employment 531
Economics of Nonformal Education 538
Section 10: Research 542
Chepter 1. Research 544
Introduction 544
Chepter 2. Regional Overviews 548
Introduction 548
Adult Education Research: General 548
Adult Education Research: United States 553
Adult Education Research: Latin America 555
Adult Education Research: Western Europe 558
Adult Education Research: Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union 561
Chepter 3. Subjects and Approaches to Research 566
Introduction 566
Lifelong Education: Research Strategies 566
Literacy Research 569
Adult Education for Employment: Research 573
Participatory Research 577
Comparative Studies in Adult and Lifelong Education 582
Appendix: Glossary of Adult and Lifelong Education 586
Contributors Index 592
Name Index 596
Subject Index 604