Principles and Applications of Magnetic Particle Imaging (eBook)

Dr. Bernhard Gleich works as a senior scientist at an electronics and medical imaging company in Hamburg.

Preface by the Series Editor 6
Foreword 7
Contents 8
1 Introduction 11
2 Medical imaging methods 14
2.1 Signal penetration 15
2.2 Tissue interaction 17
2.3 Signal confinement/resolution 18
2.4 Overview of existing imaging methods 20
2.5 Conclusions for successful new imaging modalities 24
3 Basic idea of Magnetic Particle Imaging 27
3.1 Signal generation and recording 27
3.1.1 Signal generation 
27 
3.1.2 Signal confinement 31
3.1.3 Drive field 33
3.2 Reconstruction 35
4 Magnetic particle properties 40
4.1 Demagnetization factor 
40 
4.2 Single domain particles and the Langevin theory 43
4.3 Remagnetization processes 45
4.4 Magnetic anisotropy 47
4.5 Particle–particle interactions 50
5 The Focus Field 52
5.1 Patient safety 52
5.2 Technical limitations 53
5.3 Additional fields, the focus fields 53
6 Resolution, sensitivity and speed 55
6.1 Unlimited resolution? 55
6.2 Sensitivity 57
6.2.1 Signal strength 58
6.2.2 Patient noise 58
6.2.3 Detection limit of MPI 59
6.2.4 Detection limit of MRI 60
6.2.5 Detection limit of CT 60
6.2.6 Detection limit of PET and SPECT 62
6.3 Encoding efficiency 63
6.4 Speed limit 71
6.4.1 MPI encoding speed 71
6.4.2 Ultrasound encoding speed 72
6.4.3 CT encoding speed 72
6.4.4 MRI encoding speed 73
7 Experimental and simulation results on MPI 75
8 Potential applications of MPI 79
8.1 Combination with magnetic resonance imaging 79
8.2 Vascular applications 82
8.2.1 Cardiovascular 83
8.2.2 Neurovascular 85
8.3 Gastrointestinal 86
8.4 Lung 87
8.5 RES imaging/direct inflammation imaging 87
8.6 Cell labelling 88
8.6.1 Red blood cell labelling 88
8.6.2 White blood cell labelling 89
8.6.3 Stem cell labelling 90
8.7 Sentinel lymph node imaging 90
8.8 Hyperthermia 91
9 Potential further developments and applications 93
9.1 Tissue intrinsic contrast MPI 93
9.2 Targeted imaging 93
9.3 Lung diffusion imaging 94
9.4 Temperature imaging 95
9.5 MPI-acoustic imaging and Elastography 97
9.6 Pulmonary artery pressure 98
9.7 Object tracking and manipulation 100
9.8 Electrophysiology imaging 102
9.9 Light modulation 104
9.10 X-ray modulation 105
9.11 Targeted drug delivery 105
10 Conclusion 107
Bibliography 112