The Age of the Democratic Revolution

R. R. Palmer (1909-2002) was professor emeritus of history at Yale University and a guest scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. His books include Twelve Who Ruled: The Year of the Terror in the French Revolution (Princeton). The first volume of The Age of the Democratic Revolution won the Bancroft Prize in 1960. David Armitage is the Lloyd C. Blankfein Professor of History at Harvard University.

*Frontmatter, pg. i*CONTENTS, pg. vii*List of Maps, pg. xiii*Foreword, pg. xv*Preface to Part 1, pg. 3*I. The Age of the Democratic Revolution, pg. 5*II. Aristocracy about 1760: The Constituted Bodies, pg. 22*III. Aristocracy about 1760: Theory and Practice, pg. 42*IV. Clashes with Monarchy, pg. 64*V. A Clash with Democracy: Geneva and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, pg. 83*VI. The British Parliament between King and People, pg. 106*VII. The American Revolution: The Forces in Conflict, pg. 138*VIII. The American Revolution: The People as Constituent Power, pg. 159*IX. Europe and the American Revolution, pg. 177*X. Two Parliaments Escape Reform, pg. 214*XI. Democrats and Aristocrats-Dutch, Belgian, and Swiss, pg. 242*XII. The Limitations of Enlightened Despotism, pg. 280*XIII. The Lessons of Poland, pg. 307*XIV. The French Revolution: The Aristocratic Resurgence, pg. 326*XV. The French Revolution: The Explosion of 1789, pg. 347*Preface to Part 2, pg. 375*XVI. The Issues and the Adversaries, pg. 377*XVII. The Revolutionizing of the Revolution, pg. 400*XVIII. Liberation and Annexation: 1792-1793, pg. 424*XIX. The Survival of the Revolution in France, pg. 447*XX. Victories of the Counter-Revolution in Eastern Europe, pg. 473*XXI. The Batavian Republic, pg. 505*XXII. The French Directory: Mirage of the Moderates, pg. 530*XXIII. The French Directory between Extremes, pg. 544*XXIV. The Revolution Comes to Italy, pg. 568*XXV. The Cisalpine Republic, pg. 589*XXVI. 1798: The High Tide of Revolutionary Democracy, pg. 614*XXVII. The Republics at Rome and Naples, pg. 642*XXVIII. The Helvetic Republic, pg. 663*XXIX. Germany: The Revolution of the Mind, pg. 684*XXX. Britain: Republicanism and the Establishment, pg. 709*XXXI. America: Democracy Native and Imported, pg. 745*XXXII. Climax and Denouement, pg. 775*Appendixes I. References for the Quotations at Heads of Chapters, pg. 796*Appendixes II. Translations of Metrical Passages, pg. 798*Appendixes III. Excerpts from Certain Basic Legal Documents, pg. 801*Appendixes IV. The Virginia Declaration of Rights of 1776, and the French Declaration of Rights of 1789, pg. 811*Appendixes V. "Democratic" and "Bourgeois" Characteristics in the French Constitution of 1791: Property Qualifications in France, Britain, and America, pg. 815*Index, pg. 821