Advances in Cryogenic Engineering

Invited Papers.- Cryogenics and National Goals.- A Review of the Potential of Liquid-Methane Fuel for Supersonic Transports.- Slush and Subcooled Propellants for Lunar and Interplanetary Missions.- Thermodynamic Properties.- Equilibrium Gas-Phase Compositions of Ethane and Ethylene in Binary Mixtures with Helium and Neon below 150°K and a Correlation for Deviations from the Geometric Mean Combining Rule.- The Kinetics of Adsorption of Methane and Nitrogen from Hydrogen Gas.- Benedict-Webb-Rubin Equation of State for Methane at Cryogenic Conditions.- A New Calorimeter for the Accurate Determination of the Enthalpy of Pressurized Fluids down to 160°R.- Properties of Materials.- Simultaneous Measurement of Young’s Modulus and Shear Modulus at Low Temperatures.- Tensile Properties and Notch Toughness of Groove Welds in Wrought and Cast Aluminum Alloys at Cryogenic Temperatures.- Low-Temperature Mechanical Properties of Welded and Brazed Copper.- Superconductivity.- A High Field Magnet Combining Superconductors with Water-Cooled Conductors.- Large Superconducting Baseball Magnet.- Testing Composite Superconductor for the LRL Baseball Magnet.- Transient Response and Stability Limits of Superconducting Composite Wire Following a Flux Jump.- Flux-Flow Studies and Stability Criteria of Nb-Ti Strips.- The Transition to Current-Sharing in Composite Conductors.- Stability of Internally Cooled Superconductors.- Effects of Nucleate Cooling Limits on the Performance of Small Ti-Nb Solenoids.- Heat Transfer.- Non-Boiling and Film Boiling Heat Transfer to a Saturated Bath of Liquid Helium.- Boiling Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Liquid Helium-I under Forced Circulation in a Helically Coiled Tube.- Nucleate Boiling Heat Transfer from an Oscillating Sphere in Liquid Nitrogen.- AMiniature Heat Exchanger for Simultaneous Para-Orthohydrogen Conversion and Heat Transfer.- Note on Heat Exchanger Design for Cryogenic Propellant Tanks.- A Compact Perforated-Plate Heat Exchanger.- Insulation.- Analytical Models for Airborne-Cryogenic-Insulation Thermal Performance.- Evaluation of an Externally Insulated Spacecraft Dewar.- Experimental Determination of Thermal Accommodation Coefficients.- Thermal Diffusivity of Powder Insulation.- Predictions of the Total Emissivity of Metals at Cryogenic Temperatures.- Radiative Characteristics of Cryodeposits for Room Temperature Black Body Radiation.- Fluid Dynamics.- Thermal Stratification in Closed Cryogenic Containers.- Approximate Criterion for Prediction of Flow Oscillations in Supercritical Fluid Heat Exchangers.- The Interaction of Control Valves with Oscillations Generated in a Large Water to Hydrogen Heat Exchanger.- Cavitation in Liquid Cryogens.- An Investigation of the Effects of Spatial, Thermal, and Velocity Inhomogeneities on Two-Phase, Single Component Cryogenic Choked Flow.- Two-Phase (Liquid-Vapor), Mass-Limiting Flow with Hydrogen and Nitrogen.- Instrumentation.- Cryogenic Flow Research Facility of the National Bureau of Standards.- Prelaunch Slush Hydrogen Loading Factors Affecting Instrumentation and Control.- Use of Capacitance Level Gauging for Prelaunch Loading of Slush Hydrogen.- Progress on Cryogenic Thermocouples.- Fluid Phase and Temperature Measurement with a Single Sensor.- Lighting in Cryogenic and Noncryogenic Fluids.- Refrigeration Systems.- An Analysis of the Stirling-Cycle Refrigerator.- Steady-State Operation of the Idealized Vuilleumier Refrigerator.- Compact Cryogenic Thermal Regenerator Performance.- Free Displacer Refrigeration.- Dynamical Effects of the Rhombic Drive for Miniature Cooling Engines.- Development of a Practical Thermodynamic Cycle for a Space-Borne Hydrogen Reliquefier.- A 3.6°K Reciprocating Refrigerator.- Development of Novel Gas Bearing Supported Cryogenic Expansion Turbines.- Miniature Cryogenic Refrigerator Turboalternators.- Control System for Temperatures and Liquid Level between 4.2° and 1°K.- Closed-Cycle Refrigerators for Hydrogen Targets.- Cryogenic Systems.- Solidified Oxygen for Breathing in Space.- Slush Hydrogen Pumping Characteristics Using a Centrifugal-Type Pump.- Test Results of a Zero-Gravity Cryogenic Phase Separator.- Hydrogen Peroxide Motor Exhaust Heating to Components at Cryogenic Temperatures in the Vacuum of Space.- Investigation of Propagation Failures of Flexible Linear Shaped Charges at Cryogenic Temperatures.- The Behavior of Typical Liquid Hydrogen Target Systems under Simulated Failure Modes.