Feminist Thought (Fourth Edition)

Rosemarie Tong is distinguished professor of healthcare ethics in the department of philosophy and director of the Center for Professional Applied Ethics at the University of North Carolina, Charlotte. Internationally recognized for her contributions to feminist thought and bioethics, Dr. Tong is past coordinator of the International Network on Feminist Approaches to Bioethics, recent past Chair of the Committee on the Status of Women for the American Philosophical Association, and executive board member of the Association for Practical and Professional Ethics.

Preface Acknowledgments Introduction: The Diversity of Feminist Thinking 1 Liberal Feminism Conceptual Roots of Liberal Feminist Thought and Action Eighteenth-Century Thought: Equal Education Nineteenth-Century Thought: Equal Liberty Nineteenth-Century Action: The Suffrage Twentieth-Century Action: Equal Rights Twentieth-Century Thought: Sameness Versus Difference Contemporary Directions in Liberal Feminism Critiques of Liberal Feminism Conclusion Questions for Discussion 2 Radical Feminism: Libertarian and Cultural Perspectives Libertarian and Cultural Views on the Sex/Gender System Some Libertarian Views on Gender Some Cultural Views on Gender Sexuality, Male Domination, and Female Subordination The Pornography Debate The Lesbianism Controversy Reproduction, Men, and Women Radical-Libertarian and Radical-Cultural Views on Mothering Critiques of Radical-Libertarian and Radical-Cultural Feminism: Beyond Polarization Conclusion Questions for Discussion 3 Marxist and Socialist Feminism: Classical and Contemporary Some Marxist Concepts and Theories Classical Marxist Feminism: General Reflections Contemporary Socialist Feminism: General Reflections Women's Labor Issues Critiques of Marxist and Socialist Feminism Conclusion Questions for Discussion 4 Psychoanalytic and Care-Focused Feminism Psychoanalytic Feminism: Focus on Freud Feminist Critiques and Appropriations of Freud Psychoanalytic Feminism: Focus on Lacan Bridges Between Psychoanalytic and Care-Focused Feminists The Roots of Care-Focused Feminism: Carol Gilligan and Nel Noddings Maternal Ethics and the Ethics of Care Conclusion Questions for Discussion 5 Existentialist and Postmodern Feminism Sartre's Being and Nothingness: A Backdrop to The Second Sex Simone de Beauvoir's Existentialism for Women Critiques of Existentialist Feminism: A Communitarian Critique of Existentialist Feminism Postmodern Feminism Postmodernism/Postmodern Feminism: Keynotes Critiques of Postmodern Feminism Conclusion Questions for Discussion 6 Women of Color Feminisms From Multiculturalism to Intersectionality Women of Color Feminisms in the United States Women of Color Feminisms on the World Stage: Global, Postcolonial, and Transnational Feminisms Critiques of Women of Color Feminisms Conclusion Questions for Discussion 7 Ecofeminism Some Roots of Ecofeminism Ecofeminism: New Philosophy or Ancient Wisdom? Tensions in Nature: Ecofeminist Thought Spiritual Ecofeminism Transformative Ecofeminism Global Ecofeminism Vegetarian Ecofeminism Critiques of Ecofeminism Conclusion Questions for Discussion Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index