Practical Studies in E-Government (eBook)

Saïd Assar is an Associate Professor at the Information Systems Department at the National Institute of Telecommunications.

Contents 6
Contributors 8
Back to Practice, a Decade of Research in E- Government 12
1.1 E-Government Definition and Evolution 12
1.2 E-Government as a Field of Research 15
1.3 Presentation of the Book 16
Note 22
References 22
E-Procurement, from Project to Practice: Empirical Evidence from the French Public Sector 24
2.1 Introduction 24
2.2 The Initial Survey in 2005 25
2.2.1 The Virtualisation of Public Procurement Ab Initio: Numerous Opportunities and Guaranteed Gains 26
2.2.2 E-Procurement In Situ: A Deceptive Situation 28
2.2.3 Virtualisation of Public Procurement Ex Post: A Change of Medium, an Opportunity for Improvement? 31
2.2.4 Public E-Procurement: Triggering a Dynamic of Improvement? 33
2.3 The 2007 and 2008 Surveys 33
2.4 Conclusion 35
Notes 36
References 37
Implementation of E-Government in Mexico: The Case of Infonavit 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Institutions and the Technology Enactment Framework 41
3.2.1 Institutional Theory 41
3.2.2 Technology Enactment Framework 42
3.3 Research Design and Methods 44
3.3.1 Brief Description of the Case Study 44
3.3.2 Study Variables 46
3.4 Analysis and Results 46
3.4.1 Technological Factors 46
3.4.2 Managerial Factors 48
3.4.3 Organizational Factors 49
3.4.4 Institutional Factors 52
3.4.5 Contextual Factors 53
3.5 Final Comments 54
References 55
The Casualty Assistance Readiness Enhancement System: A Case Study in Rapid Prototyping and Design for Flexibility 58
4.1 Introduction 58
4.2 Background 59
4.2.1 Literature Review 59
4.2.2 Issue 60
4.3 Methodology 62
4.3.1 Stakeholder Analysis 64
4.3.2 Redefining the Problem Statement 64
4.3.3 Rapid Prototyping to Overcome Inertia 67
4.3.4 Greater Alignment of Product and Process 70
4.4 Results 73
4.4.1 Dynamic Alpha Testing 73
4.4.2 Dynamic Beta Testing 74
4.5 Discussion 77
4.6 Conclusions 78
Notes 78
References 79
An Overview of Some Electronic Identification Use Cases in Europe 80
5.1 Electronic Administration and Identity 80
5.2 Electronic Administration in France and the Need for Identity 81
5.3 Identity Fraud in the Context of Electronic Administration 85
5.4 Electronic Identification in Europe: National Concepts and Their Impact on Daily Experience 86
5.4.1 Belgium 87
5.4.2 Estonia 87
5.4.3 Finland 88
5.4.4 Italy 90
5.4.5 Portugal 91
5.4.6 Spain 91
5.4.7 Sweden 92
5.5 The Projected French Electronic Identity Card 94
5.5.1 The Broad Lines of the 2005 Project 94
5.5.2 The 2005 Public Debate 96
5.5.3 The 2009 Update 98
5.6 Interoperability Aspects 98
5.7 Conclusion 99
Glossary 99
Notes 100
References 101
Privacy and Personal Information Held by Government: A Comparative Study, Japan and New Zealand 102
6.1 Introduction 102
6.1.1 The Settings 103
6.1.2 Research Questions 104
6.2 Concepts of Information Privacy 104
6.2.1 Government and Citizens’ Personal Information 105
6.2.2 Concepts of Information Privacy in New Zealand and Japanese Culture 105
6.2.3 Privacy Legislation in Japan and New Zealand 108
6.3 The Two Parallel Studies 109
6.3.1 The New Zealand Study 109
6.3.2 The Japanese Study 109
6.4 Findings 110
6.4.1 Questionnaire Data 110
6.4.2 Concepts of Privacy and Privacy Protection 113
6.4.3 Discussion of Scenarios 114
6.5 Discussion 118
6.6 Conclusions 119
Notes 120
References 120
Strategic Issues Relating to Data Quality for E- Government: Learning from an Approach Adopted in Belgium 122
7.1 Introduction 122
7.1.1 The Quality of Data 123
7.1.2 Strategic Quality Issues for E-Government 123
7.2 Characteristics of Administrative Data 125
7.3 Quality Indicators 126
7.3.1 What Is a Data Element? 127
7.3.2 What Is a “Correct” Data Element? 127
7.3.3 How Are Data Progressively Constructed? 128
7.4 Methods for Improving the Quality of Administrative Databases 130
7.4.1 Master Data Management 131
7.4.2 Anomalies and Management Strategies 132
7.4.3 Documentation of Applications and Services 133
7.5 Conclusions, Future Work, and Generalization of the Approach 136
Notes 138
References 138
Long-Term Verifiability of Remote Electronic Elections 140
8.1 Introduction 140
8.2 Retention Objectives 141
8.3 Retention Obligations in German Electoral Law 143
8.3.1 Federal Elections 143
8.3.2 Works Council Elections 146
8.4 Conditions to Be Documented 147
8.4.1 Preparation Phase 147
8.4.2 Polling Phase 148
8.4.3 Evaluation Phase 149
8.5 Transferring the Conditions to Remote Electronic Voting 149
8.5.1 Preparation Phase 150
8.5.2 Polling Phase 151
8.5.3 Evaluation Phase 153
8.6 Conclusion 154
Notes 155
References 155
Law-Based Ontology for E-Government Services Construction – Case Study: The Specification of Services in Relationship with the Venture Creation in Switzerland 157
9.1 Introduction 157
9.2 Framework for the Construction of E-Government Services 158
9.2.1 Ontology Construction from Legal Sources 158
9.2.2 Public Administration Services Identification 164
9.3 Discussion About Difficulties Related to the Deployment of the Proposed Approach 170
9.3.1 What About the Inconsistencies in the Laws? 170
9.3.2 What Skills Are Required to Implement This Approach? 171
9.3.3 The Law Doesn’t Correspond to Business Practice 171
9.4 Conclusion 171
9.5 Appendix 1: The Conceptual Basis for Identifying Public Administration Services 172
References 173
Notes 173
Architectural Principles for Orchestration of Cross- Organizational Service Delivery: Case Studies from the Netherlands 175
10.1 Introduction 175
10.2 Theoretical Background of Orchestration 178
10.2.1 Technical Dimension of Orchestration 178
10.2.2 Organizational Dimension of Orchestration 179
10.3 Case Studies of Orchestration 180
10.3.1 Case Study 1: Preparation Module for Joint Permit Requests 181
10.3.2 Case Study 2: Information System for Import of Veterinary Products 182
10.3.3 Case Study 3: Information System Supporting the Asbestos Removal Process 184
10.4 Architectural Principles for Orchestration 186
10.4.1 Architectural Principle 1: Information and Service Aggregation 188
10.4.2 Architectural Principle 2: Process Coordination 188
10.4.3 Architectural Principle 3: Process Overview 189
10.4.4 Architectural Principle 4: Process Optimization 189
10.4.5 Architectural Principle 5: Differentiation of Workflow and Decision Making 190
10.4.6 Architectural Principle 6: Maintain Risk Profiles 190
10.5 Conclusion 191
References 192
Achieving Interoperability Through Base Registries for Governmental Services and Document Management 194
11.1 Introduction 194
11.2 Background and Scope 195
11.3 Defining an E-Government Ontology 196
11.3.1 Metadata Standards for Multifaceted Classification 197
11.4 Combining Processes and Data 198
11.5 The Interoperability Registry Platform 201
11.6 Population of the Repository 205
11.7 Conclusions 206
References 208
Envisioning Advanced User Interfaces for E- Government Applications: A Case Study 211
12.1 Introduction 212
12.2 State of the Art 213
12.2.1 The World Wide Web Platform 213
12.2.2 Nontraditional User Interfaces 214
12.2.3 Multichannel Delivery of Services 214
12.2.4 Foundation of User Interface Plasticity 215
12.3 Problem Space for Multitarget User Interfaces 216
12.3.1 Domain-Dependent User Interfaces 218
12.3.2 Context of Use 219
12.3.3 Adaptation Behavior 219
12.3.4 Adaptation Control User Interface 220
12.4 Case Study 221
12.4.1 Informal Description 221
12.4.2 Users’ Tasks Analysis 222
12.4.3 Users’ Requirements 223
12.4.4 Plasticity Analysis 224
12.5 Conclusion and Future Work 228
Notes 232
References 232
Practices to Develop Spatial Data Infrastructures: Exploring the Contribution to E- Government 235
13.1 Introduction 235
13.2 Spatial Data Infrastructures 237
13.2.1 Introduction 237
13.2.2 SDI Components 238
13.2.3 SDI Costs and Benefits 240
13.3 SDI Practices 242
13.3.1 Europe 242
13.3.2 Catalonia 244
13.3.3 Flanders 245
13.3.4 Leiedal 247
13.3.5 Summary of the SDI Practices 248
13.3.6 Discussion 248
13.4 Spatial Data Infrastructures and E-Government 251
References 252
Index 255