The Student's Companion to Social Policy

Pete Alcock is Professor of Social Policy and Administration and Director of the ESRC Third Sector Research Centre, University of Birmingham. Margaret May is Honorary Research Fellow in the School of Social Policy and CHASM, University of Birmingham Sharon Wright is Deputy Head of Sociology, Social Policy, and Criminology and lecturer, in the School of Applied Social Science, University of Stirling.

Contributors viii Acknowledgements xv Introduction 1 Part I Concepts and Approaches 3 1 The Subject of Social Policy 5 Pete Alcock 2 Approaches and Methods 12 Saul Becker 3 Social Needs, Social Problems, and Social Welfare and Well-being 19 Nick Manning 4 Equality, Rights, and Social Justice 26 Peter Taylor-Gooby 5 Equalities and Human Rights 33 Suzi Macpherson 6 Efficiency, Equity, and Choice 40 Carol Propper 7 Altruism, Reciprocity, and Obligation 48 Hilary Land Part II Key Perspectives 55 8 Neo-liberalism 57 Nick Ellison 9 The Conservative Tradition 64 Hugh Bochel 10 Social Democracy 70 Robert M. Page 11 Socialist Perspectives 77 Hartley Dean 12 Feminist Perspectives 83 Shona Hunter 13 Green Perspectives 90 Michael Cahill 14 Postmodernist Perspectives 96 Tony Fitzpatrick Part III Historical Context 103 15 History and Social Policy 105 David Gladstone 16 Nineteenth-Century Beginnings 111 Bernard Harris 17 The Liberal Era and the Growth of State Welfare 117 Noel Whiteside 18 The Post-war Welfare State 124 Robert M. Page 19 Crisis, Retrenchment, and the Impact of Neo-liberalism (1976 1997) 130 Howard Glennerster 20 Modernization and the Third Way 135 Martin Powell Part IV Contemporary Context 143 21 Demography 145 Jane Falkingham and Athina Vlachantoni 22 Economic Policy and Social Policy 153 Rob Sykes 23 Religion 160 Rana Jawad 24 Family Policy 166 Jane Millar and Tina Haux 25 Divisions and Difference 173 Sharon Wright 26 Poverty and Social Exclusion 180 Pete Alcock 27 The Distribution of Welfare 187 John Hills 28 The Policy Process 195 Hugh Bochel 29 Evaluation and Evidence-based Social Policy 201 Martin Powell Part V Welfare Production and Provision 207 30 State Welfare 209 Catherine Bochel 31 Commercial Welfare 215 Chris Holden 32 Occupational Welfare 221 Edward Brunsdon and Margaret May 33 Voluntary Welfare 228 Jeremy Kendall 34 Informal Welfare 234 Hilary Arksey and Caroline Glendinning 35 Paying for Welfare 241 Howard Glennerster 36 Taxation and Welfare 248 Fran Bennett 37 Citizenship and Access to Welfare 255 Ruth Lister and Peter Dwyer Part VI Welfare Governance 263 38 Managing and Delivering Welfare 265 John Clarke 39 Accountability for Welfare 271 Jackie Gulland 40 Welfare Users and Social Policy 278 Marian Barnes 41 Local and Regional Government and Governance 284 Guy Daly and Howard Davis 42 Social Policy and Devolution 291 Richard Parry 43 Social Policy and the European Union 298 Linda Hantrais 44 International Organizations 306 Nicola Yeates Part VII Welfare Services 315 45 Income Maintenance and Social Security 317 Stephen McKay and Karen Rowlingson 46 Employment 324 Alan Deacon and Ruth Patrick 47 Health Care 331 Rob Baggott 48 Education in Schools 338 Anne West 49 Lifelong Learning and Training 345 Claire Callender 50 Housing 352 David Mullins and Alan Murie 51 Social Care 359 Jon Glasby 52 Criminal Justice 366 Tim Newburn Part VIII Services for Particular Groups 375 53 'Race'and Social Welfare 377 Lucinda Platt 54 Children 385 Tess Ridge 55 Young People 392 Bob Coles 56 Older People 399 Kirk Mann and Gabrielle Mastin 57 Disability 405 Mark Priestley 58 Migrants and Asylum Seekers 412 Alice Bloch Part IX International Issues 419 59 Comparative Analysis 421 Margaret May 60 Social Policy in Europe 428 Jochen Clasen 61 Social Policy in Liberal Market Societies 434 Michael Hill 62 Social Policy in East Asian Societies 440 Michael Hill 63 Social Policy in Middle Eastern Societies 447 Rana Jawad 64 Social Policy in Developing Societies 455 Patricia Kennett Appendix: The Social Policy Association (SPA) 462 Index 464