Classical Sociological Theory

Craig Calhoun is University Professor and Professor of Sociology and History at New York University, and President of the Social Science Research Council. Joseph Gerteis is Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities. James Moody is Associate Professor of Sociology at Duke University, North Carolina. Steven Pfaff is Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Washington. Indermohan Virk is Visiting Lecturer in Sociology at Indiana University, Bloomington.

Notes on the Editors ix Acknowledgments x Introduction 1 Part I Precursors to Sociological Theory 19 Introduction to Part I 21 1 Of the Natural Condition and the Commonwealth (from Leviathan) 30 Thomas Hobbes 2 Of the Social Contract (from The Social Contract) 38 Jean-Jacques Rousseau 3 What is Enlightenment? (from Immanuel Kant, The Philosophy of Kant) 50 Immanuel Kant 4 The Wealth of Nations (from The Wealth of Nations) 55 Adam Smith 5 The Theory of Moral Sentiments (from The Theory of Moral Sentiments) 67 Adam Smith Part II The Sociological Theory of Alexis de Tocqueville 83 Introduction to Part II 85 6 The Old Regime and the French Revolution (from The Old Regime and the French Revolution) 94 Alexis de Tocqueville 7 Influence of Democracy on the Feelings of the Americans (from Democracy in America) 103 Alexis de Tocqueville 8 Tyranny of the Majority (from Democracy in America) 122 Alexis de Tocqueville Part III The Sociological Theory of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels 133 Introduction to Part III 135 9 The German Ideology (from The German Ideology, Part One) 142 Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels 10 Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 (from Collected Works, Volume 3) 146 Karl Marx 11 Manifesto of the Communist Party (from Collected Works, Volume 6) 156 Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels 12 The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (from Collected Works, Volume 11) 172 Karl Marx 13 Wage-Labour and Capital (from Karl Marx: Selected Writings) 182 Karl Marx 14 Classes (from Collected Works, Volume 37) 190 Karl Marx Part IV The Sociological Theory of Emile Durkheim 193 Introduction to Part IV 195 15 The Rules of Sociological Method (from The Rules of Sociological Method) 201 Emile Durkheim 16 The Division of Labor in Society (from The Division of Labor in Society) 220 Emile Durkheim 17 The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life (from Elementary Forms of the Religious Life) 243 Emile Durkheim 18 Suicide (from Suicide: A Study in Sociology) 255 Emile Durkheim Part V The Sociological Theory of Max Weber 265 Introduction to Part V 267 19 Objectivity in Social Science (from The Methodology of the Social Sciences) 273 Max Weber 20 Basic Sociological Terms (from The Theory of Social and Economic Organization) 280 Max Weber 21 The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (from Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism With Other Writings on the Rise of the West) 291 Max Weber 22 The Distribution of Power within the Political Community: Class, Status, Party (from From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology) 310 Max Weber 23 The Types of Legitimate Domination (from The Theory of Social and Economic Organization) 320 Max Weber 24 Bureaucracy (from Max Weber: Essays in Sociology) 328 Max Weber Part VI Self and Society in Sociological Theory 339 Introduction to Part VI 341 25 The Self (from Mind, Self and Society: From the Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist) 347 George Herbert Mead 26 The Stranger (from Georg Simmel: On Individuality and Social Forms) 361 Georg Simmel 27 Group Expansion and the Development of Individuality (from Georg Simmel: On Individuality and Social Forms) 366 Georg Simmel 28 The Dyad and the Triad (from The Sociology of Georg Simmel) 382 Georg Simmel 29 Civilization and its Discontents (from Civilization and its Discontents) 396 Sigmund Freud 30 The Souls of Black Folk (from The Souls of Black Folk) 404 W. E. B. Du Bois 31 The Regulation of the Wishes (from The Unadjusted Girl) 410 William I. Thomas Part VII Critical Theory and the Sociology of Knowledge 419 Introduction to Part VII 421 32 Traditional and Critical Theory (from Critical Theory: Selected Essays) 425 Max Horkheimer 33 The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction (from Illuminations) 441 Walter Benjamin 34 The Culture Industry (from The Dialectic of Enlightenment) 465 Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno 35 One-Dimensional Man (from One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society) 478 Herbert Marcuse Part VIII Structural-Functional Analysis 487 Introduction to Part VIII 489 36 The Position of Sociological Theory (from The Position of Sociological Theory) 495 Talcott Parsons 37 An Outline of the Social System (from Theories of Society) 502 Talcott Parsons 38 Manifest and Latent Functions (from Social Theory and Social Structure) 523 Robert K. Merton 39 On Sociological Theories of the Middle Range (from Social Theory and Social Structure) 531 Robert K. Merton Index 543