Breaking Through

Chapter 1 Student Success Think Success

Set Goals

Create a Positive Attitude

Seek Excellence

READING 1 • SUCCESS STARTS SOMEWHERE

"Success Starts Somewhere"

from CEO of Self: You’re in Charge! by Herman Cain

Plan for Success

READING 2 • MAKING THE MOST OF PRIORITIES

from How to Get Control of Your Time and Your Life by Alan Lakein

Plan Your Week

Study the Syllabus

Use a Calendar to Decode a Syllabus

Act Successful

College Professor “Takes” American History

Attend Class

Be on Time for Class

Be Aware of Essential Class Sessions

Be Equipped for Success

Mark Your Text

Communicate with Your Instructor

Review Your Lecture Notes

Network with Other Students

Collaborate to Divide Work

Look at an “A” Paper

Use Technology to Communicate

Consider a Tape Recorder

Pass the First Test

Watch Videos or DVDs

Predict Exam Questions

READING 3 • BE POSITIVE

from I Feel Great AND You Will Too! by Pat Croce

SUMMARY POINTS

Everyday Reading Skills: Searching the Internet

Chapter 2 Stages of Reading

What Is the Reading Process?

Stages of Reading

Stage One: Previewing

Stage Two: Integrating Knowledge

Stage Three: Recalling

Assess Your Progress as a Learner

Levels of Reading Comprehension

SUMMARY POINTS

SELECTION 1 • HEALTH

“IMPROVED EATING FOR THE COLLEGE STUDENT”

from Health: the Basics by Rebecca Donatelle

SELECTION 2 • SCIENCE

“THE GALVESTON DISASTER”

from Oceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science by Tom Garrison

SELECTION 3 • BUSINESS

“THE DISNEY APPROACH TO GUEST SERVICE”

from Introduction to Hospitality by John R. Walker

VOCABULARY LESSON: Not, Not, and Not

Everyday Reading Skills: Reading News and Feature Stories in the

Newspaper

Chapter 3 Vocabulary

Learning New Words

Remembering New Words

Use Association

Use Concept Cards

Practice Your New Words

Unlocking the Meaning of New Words

Use Context Clues

Use Knowledge of Word Parts

Use the Glossary and the Dictionary

Types of Context Clues

Definition

Elaborating Details

Elaborating Examples

Comparison

Contrast

Multiple Meanings of a Word

Word Parts

Roots

Prefixes

Suffixes

The Dictionary

Guide Words

Pronunciation

Spelling

Word Meaning

Parts of Speech

Word History

Word Origins

Etymology

Textbook Glossary

Thesaurus

Analogies

Easily Confused Words

Enriching your Vocabulary

SUMMARY POINTS

VOCABULARY LESSON: For or Against?

Everyday Reading Skills: Getting News from Web Sites and Forums

Chapter 4 Main Idea

What Is a Main Idea?

Recognize General and Specific Words

Recognize General and Specific Phrases

Recognize the General Topic for Sentences

Recognize General and Supporting Sentences

Differentiate Topic, Main Idea, and Supporting Details

Differentiate Distractors in Main Idea Test Items

Questioning for the Main Idea

1. Establish the Topic

2. Identify the Key Supporting Terms

3. Focus on the Message of the Topic

Stated Main Ideas

Unstated Main Ideas

Getting the Main Idea of Longer Selections

SUMMARY POINTS

SELECTION 1 • PSYCHOLOGY

“SLEEPING AND DREAMING”

from Psychology: What It Is/How to Use It by David Watson

SELECTION 2 • SHORT STORY

“SHATTER PROOF”

by Jack Ritchie, from 100 Malicious Little Mysteries

SELECTION 3 • HISTORY

“THE DREAM OF NONVIOLENT REFORM”

from From These Beginnings by Roderick Nash and Gregory Graves

VOCABULARY LESSON: Before and After

Everyday Reading Skills: Selecting a Book

Chapter 5 Supporting Details and Organizational Patterns

What Is a Detail?

Recognize Levels of Importance

Distinguish Major and Minor Details

Follow Detailed Directions

Patterns of Organization

Simple Listing

Classification

Definitions with Examples

Description

Time Order, Sequence, or Narration

Comparison and Contrast

Cause and Effect

SUMMARY POINTS

SELECTION 1 • PSYCHOLOGY

“BECOMING HEALTHY”

from Psychology: Introduction to Human Behavior by Morris Holland

SELECTION 2 • CRIMINAL JUSTICE

“CONFIDENCE GAMES MAY BE A SHELL GAME SCENE”

from Criminal Investigation by Charles Swanson, Neil Chamelin, and Leonard Territo

SELECTION 3 • HISTORY

“LET THEM EAT CAKE”

from Civilization in the West by Mark Kishlansky, Patrick Geary, and Patricia O’Brien

VOCABULARY LESSON: One Too Many

Everyday Reading Skills: Selecting Magazines

ReadingCasebook 1: What Is Beauty?

Beauty Inventory 1

SELECTION 1 • LETTERS OF OPINION

“ALL THAT GLITTERS IS GOLD”

by Maureen Dowd, in the New York Times

SELECTION 2 • ESSAY

“EXTREME MAKEOVER”

from Morality Play by Jessica Pierce

SELECTION 3 • BUSINESS

“EVERYDAY WOMEN”

by Stuart Elliott, in the New York Times

Beauty Inventory 2

Chapter 6 Textbook Learning

Expect Knowledge to Exist

Annotating

When to Annotate

How to Annotate

Notetaking

When to Take Notes

How to Take Notes

Summarizing

When to Summarize

How to Summarize

Outlining

When to Outline

How to Outline

Mapping

When to Map

How to Map

Take Organized Lecture Notes

SUMMARY POINTS

SELECTION 1 • HEALTH

“BEHAVIOR CHANGE” 000

from Health: The Basics by Rebecca Donnatelle

SELECTION 2 • BUSINESS

“GOYA FOODS”

by Alejandro Bianchi and Gabriel Sama in the Wall Street Journal, and from the Goya

Web site

SELECTION 3 • COMMUNICATION

“EYE COMMUNICATION”

from The Interpersonal Communication Book by Joseph A. DeVito

VOCABULARY LESSON: See, Hear, and Voice Your Concerns

Everyday Reading Skills: Reading Reference Materials

Chapter 7 Test-Taking Strategies

Achieve Your Highest Potential

Be Prepared

Stay Alert

Seek Feedback

Standardized Reading Tests

Read to Comprehend

Interact

Anticipate

Relax

Read to Learn

Recall

Understand Major Question Types

Main Idea Questions

Detail Questions

Implied Meaning Questions

Purpose Questions

Vocabulary Questions

Hints for Taking Multiple-Choice and True-False Tests

Read All Options

Predict the Correct Answer

Avoid Answers with “100 Percent” Words

Consider Answers with Qualifying Words

Do Not Overanalyze

True Statements Must Be True Without Exception

If Two Options Are Synonymous, Eliminate Both

Figure Out the Difference Between Similar Options

Use Logical Reasoning When Two Answers Are Correct

Look Suspiciously at Directly Quoted Pompous Phrases

Simplify Double Negatives by Canceling Out Both

Certain Responses Are Neither True Nor False

Validate True Responses

Recognize Flaws in Test Making

Hints for Taking Essay Exams

Reword the Statement or Question

Answer the Question

Organize Your Answer

Use a Formal Writing Style

Be Aware of Appearance

Predict and Practice

Notice Key Words

Write to Earn Points

Read an “A” Paper for Feedback

SUMMARY POINTS

VOCABULARY LESSON: Call Out and Remember to Send

Everyday Reading Skills: Using Mnemonics

Chapter 8 Efficient Reading

What Is Your Reading Rate?

What Is an Average Reading Rate?

How Can You Increase Your Reading Speed?

Be Aggressive–Attack!

Concentrate

Stop Regressions

Avoid Vocalizations

Expand Fixations

Use a Pen as a Pacer

Preview Before Reading

Set a Time Goal for an Assignment

Be Flexible

Practice

SUMMARY POINTS

TIMED READING 1 • BUSINESS

“WHEN INTERVIEW QUESTIONS TURN ILLEGAL”

from Interviewing for Success by Arthur H. Bell and Dayle M. Smith

TIMED READING 2 • PSYCHOLOGY

“DR. FOSSEY AND THE GORILLAS”

from Psychology by Stephen Worchel and Wayne Shebilske

TIMED READING 3 • HISTORY

“ELEANOR ROOSEVELT”

from From These Beginnings by Roderick Nash and Gregory Graves

Everyday Reading Skills: Managing Workplace Reading

Chapter 9 Analytical Reasoning

Identify Analytical Thinking

An Unsuccessful Student

A Successful Student

Engage in Problem Solving

Analytical Reasoning in Textbooks

SUMMARY POINTS

SELECTION 1 • SCIENCE

“PROFILE OF A HURRICANE”

from The Atmosphere by Frederick Lutgens and Edward Tarbuck

SELECTION 2 • SOCIOLOGY

“GENDER AND SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS”

from Social Problems by John J. Macionis

SELECTION 3 • BUSINESS

“MOTIVATING YOURSELF”

from Your Attitude is Showing by Elwood N. Chapman

VOCABULARY LESSON: Turn and Throw

Everyday Reading Skills: Reading Direct Mail Advertisements

ReadingCasebook 2: What Is Forgiveness?

Forgiveness Inventory 1

SELECTION 1 • ESSAY

“FORGIVE FOR GOOD”

from Forgive for Good by Fred Luskin

SELECTION 2 • HISTORY

“THE STORY OF TOM TATE”

from The Forgiveness Project Web site

SELECTION 3 • NEWSPAPER ARTICLE

“PUSHING PAST THE TRAUMA TO FORGIVENESS”

by Robin Finn, in the New York Times

Forgiveness Inventory 2

Chapter 10 Inference

What Is an Inference?

Inference from Cartoons

Recognizing Suggested Meaning

Connecting with Prior Knowledge

Recognizing Slanted Language

Drawing Conclusions

SUMMARY POINTS

SELECTION 1 • SHORT STORY

“THE BEST PLACE”

by A. F. Oreshnik, from 100 Malicious Little Mysteries

SELECTION 2 • LITERATURE

“THE ALCHEMIST’S SECRET”

by Arthur Gorden

SELECTION 3 • SHORT STORY

“A DEAL IN DIAMONDS”

by Edward D. Hoch, from 100 Malicious Little Mysteries

VOCABULARY LESSON: Come Together, Hold Together, and Shut

Everyday Reading Skills: Reading Newspaper Editorials

Chapter 11 Critical Reading

What Do Critical Readers Do?

Recognize the Author’s Purpose or Intent

Recognize the Author’s Point of View or Bias

Recognize the Author’s Tone

Distinguish Fact from Opinion

Recognize Valid and Invalid Support for Arguments

SUMMARY POINTS

SELECTION 1 • LITERATURE

“THE DINNER PARTY”

by Mona Gardner, from Sudden Twists: 18 Tales that Take a Surprising Turn

SELECTION 2 • ETHICS

“COSMETIC SURGERY FOR PETS”

from Morality Play: Case Studies in Ethics by Jessica Pierce

SELECTION 3 • ESSAY

“WE’LL GO FORWARD FROM THIS MOMENT”

by Leonard Pitts, MiamiHerald

VOCABULARY LESSON: Bend, Born, and Body

Everyday Reading Skills: Evaluating Internet Information

Chapter 12 Independent Textbook Assignment

Apply What You Have Learned

INDEPENDENT ASSIGNMENT SOCIOLOGY

“THE POOR”

from Social Problems by John J. Macionis

Appendix 1 Sample Textbook Chapter

Appendix 2 Pronunciation Review

Appendix 3 Spelling Confusing Words

Appendix 4 Word Parts: Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes

Appendix 5 ESL: Making Sense of Figurative Language and Idioms

Glossary

Acknowledgments

Index

Progress Record for Reading Selections