Elgar Encyclopedia of Law and Data Science

Edited by Giovanni Comandé, Professor of Law, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies (www.santannapisa.it) and Coordinator, LIDER-Lab (www.lider-lab.it)

Contents:

Introduction to the Encyclopedia of
Law and Data Science: ‘Directions for
Use’ ix
Giovanni Comand.
1 Access 1
Giulia Schneider
2 Accountability 7
Giulia Schneider
3 Algorithm 12
Letizia Milli and Giulio Rossetti
4 Algorithmic Discrimination 17
Bettina Berendt
5 Algorithmic Fairness 32
Salvatore Ruggieri
6 Anonymity 36
Dino Pedreschi, Roberto Pellungrini,
Francesca Pratesi
7 Anonymous Data 41
Lorenzo Dalla Corte
8 Argument Mining 48
Vern R. Walker
9 Artificial General Intelligence 53
Bettina Berendt
10 Bias [definition] 60
Antonio Davola
11 Children (in the Digital
Environment) 64
Denise Amram
12 Clustering (see Data Mining
and Clustering) 70
13 Computer Programs 70
Guido Noto La Diega
14 Confidentiality 73
Arianna Rossi, Itzel Vazquez
Sandoval, Gabriele Lenzini
15 Consent 81
Cesare Bartolini
16 Copyright 83
Caterina Sganga
17 Cybersecurity (in Distributed
Computing Systems) 92
Tommaso Cucinotta
18 Database Protection 98
Caterina Sganga
19 Data Breach 105
Anna Monreale, Roberto Pellungrini,
Francesca Pratesi
20 Data Mining and Clustering 110
Athanasios Kiourtis, Argyro
Mavrogiorgou, Dimosthenis Kyriazis
21 Data Protection 122
Cesare Bartolini
22 Data Protection Impact Assessment 125
Anna Monreale, Roberto Pellungrini,
Francesca Pratesi
23 Data Quality 130
Michela Natilli, Salvatore Rinzivillo,
Franco Turini
24 Data Subject 134
Gloria Gonz.lez Fuster
25 Decision-making 139
Gianclaudio Malgieri
26 Discrimination Data Analysis 142
Salvatore Ruggieri
27 Disparate Impact (from
Software-Based
Decision-Making Systems) 146
Jeanna Neefe Matthews
28 Erasure 150
Cesare Bartolini
29 Ethics 153
Giorgia Pozzi and Juan M. Dur.n
30 Explainability 160
Riccardo Guidotti, Fosca Giannotti,
Dino Pedreschi
31 Fairness 168
Giulia Schneider
32 Forgotten (Right to Be) 175
Paul De Hert and Vagelis
Papakonstantinou
33 Freedom of Information (Freedom
of Expression – Access to Public Data) 181
Matteo Monti
34 Governance (of Personal
Data Flows) 186
Denise Amram
35 Healthcare (Data Science in) 192
Martina Finocchiaro, Tommaso
Banfi, Matteo Vissani, Alberto
Mazzoni, Gastone Ciuti
36 Informed Consent 199
Danielle da Costa Leite Borges
37 Lawfulness and Necessity (of
Possible Limitations on the
Fundamental Rights to Privacy and
to the Protection of Personal Data)
in the EU Legal Order 203
Mario Guglielmetti
38 Legitimate Interest 209
Christopher F. Mondschein and
Cosimo Monda
39 Liability 215
Andrea Parziale
40 Machine Learning 223
Luca Pappalardo
41 Mobility Data (Knowledge
Discovery from) 227
Agnese Bonavita and Giovanni
Comand.
42 Necessity (see Lawfulness and
Necessity (of Possible Limitations on
the Fundamental Rights to Privacy
and to the Protection of Personal
Data) in the EU Legal Order) 241
43 Open Data and Public Sector
Information 241
Lorenzo Dalla Corte and Bastiaan
van Loenen
44 Patents 253
Enrico Bonadio and Hannes
Sigurgeirsson
45 Personal Data in the EU
Legal System 259
Lorenzo Dalla Corte
46 Portability (of Data) 267
Gianclaudio Malgieri
47 Predictive Analytics 271
Mirco Nanni
48 Privacy 275
Carlotta Rigotti and Alessandra
Calvi
49 Privacy by Design 281
Marina Sokolova and Stan Matwin
50 Privacy-Preserving Technologies 291
Josep Domingo-Ferrer
51 Profile/Profiling 300
Salvatore Ruggieri
52 Proportionality 305
Giuseppe Martinico
53 Pseudonymization 310
Anna Monreale, Roberto Pellungrini,
Francesca Pratesi
54 Public Interest (Scientific Research
and the Legal Grounds) 314
Hanne Elsen, Wessel Damen, Audrey
Van Scharen
55 Public Sector Information
(see Open Data and Public Sector
Information) 318
56 Reasonable Safeguards 318
Andr.s Chomczyk Penedo
57 Scoring 323
Frank Pasquale
58 Software (Computer Programs) 326
Guido Noto La Diega
59 Supervisory Authorities (Powers) 329
Roberto Lattanzi
60 Surveillance 341
Juraj Sajfert
61 Trade Secrets and Data-Driven
Innovation in the EU 347
Silvia Scalzini
62 Transparency 354
Giulia Schneider
63 Unfairness [definition] 360
Antonio Davola
64 Vulnerability 363
Gianclaudio Malgieri
Analytical index 371
Index