Petrogenesis of Metamorphic Rocks

Helmut G. F. Winkler (Autor)

Buch | Softcover

320 Seiten

2011
Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
978-1-4612-9830-4 (ISBN)

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The first edition of this book was published in 1965 and its French translation in 1966. The revised second edition followed in 1967 and its Russian translation became available in 1969. Since then, many new petrographic observations and experimental data elucidat- ing reactions in metamorphic rocks have made a new approach in the study of metamorphic transformation desirable and possible. It is felt that this new approach, attempted in this book, leads to a better unders- tanding of rock metamorphism. The concept of metamorphic facies and subfacies considers asso- ciations of mineral assemblages from diverse bulk compositions as characteristic of a certain pressure-temperature range. As new petrographic observations accumulated, it became increasingly difficult to accommodate this information within a manageable framework of metamorphic facies and subfacies. Instead, it turned out that mineral assemblages due to reactions in common rocks of a particular composi- tion provide suitable indicators of metamorphic conditions. Metamorphic zones, defined on the basis of mineral reactions, very effectively display the evolution of metamorphic rocks.
Thus the im- portance of reactions in metamorphic rocks is emphasized. Experimen- tal calibration of mineral reactions makes it possible to distinguish reac- tions which are of petrogenetic significance from those which are not. This distinction provides guidance in petrographic investigations un- dertaken with the object of deducing the physical conditions of metamorphism.

1. Definition and Types of Metamorphism.- 2. From Diagenesis to Metamorphism.- 3. Factors of Metamorphism.- General Considerations.- The Composition of the Fluid Phase.- Directed Pressure.- 4. Mineral Parageneses: The Building Blocks of Metamorphic Rocks.- 5. Graphical Representation of Metamorphic Mineral Parageneses.- Composition Plotting.- ACF Diagram.- A’FK Diagram.- How Are ACF and A’FK Diagrams Used?.- AFM Diagrams.- 6. Classification Principles: Metamorphic Facies versus Metamorphic Grade.- 7. The Four Divisions of Metamorphic Grade.- General Considerations.- The Terms Isograd and Isoreaction-Grad.- The Division of Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism.- The Division of Low-Grade Metamorphism.- The Change from Low-Grade to Medium-Grade Metamorphism.- The Change from Medium-Grade to High-Grade Metamorphism.- Granulite—High Grade; Regional Hypersthene Zone.- Pressure Divisions of the Metamorphic Grades.- Problems with the Al2SiO5 Species.- 8. General Characteristics of Metamorphic Terrains.- Metamorphic Zones in Contact Aureoles.- Metamorphic Zones in Regional Metamorphism.- Paired Metamorphic Belts.- 9. Metamorphic Reactions in Carbonate Rocks.- General Considerations.- Metamorphism of Siliceous Dolomitic Limestones.- Formation of Wollastonite.- Metamorphism of Carbonates at Very High Temperature and Very Low Pressure.- 10. Metamorphism of Marls.- 11. Metamorphism of Ultramafic Rocks: Systems MgO-SiO2-CO2-H2O and MgO-CaO-SiO2-H2O.- 12. Metamorphism of Mafic Rocks.- Transformations Except Those of Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism at Low Pressures.- Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism at Low Pressures.- Evaluation of Metamorphic Changes at Very-Low Grade.- The Role of CO2 in Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism.- 13. Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism of Graywackes.- 14. Metamorphism of Pelites.-General Statement.- Metamorphism of Pelitic Rocks at Very-Low and Low-Grade.- Metamorphism of Pelitic Rocks at Medium- and High-Grade.- 15. A Key to Determine Metamorphic Grades and Major Isoreaction-Grads or Isograds in Common Rocks.- Very-Low-Grade Metamorphism.- Low-Grade.- Medium- and High-Grade.- Geothermometers and Geobarometers.- Sequences of Isoreaction-Grads or Isograds.- 16. Regional Hypersthene Zone (Granolite High Grade).- Nomenclature and Mineralogical Features of “Granulites”.- Metamorphism of Granolites and Related Granoblastites.- Petrogenetic Considerations.- 17. Eclogites.- 18. Anatexis, Formation of Migmatites, and Origin of Granitic Magmas.- Anatexis: General Considerations.- Experimental Anatexis of Rocks Composed of Alkali Feldspar, Plagioclase, and Quartz.- Experimental Anatexis of Rocks Composed of Plagioclase and Quartz but Lacking Alkali Feldspar.- Formation of Migmatites.- Formation of Granitic Magmas by Anatexis.- Appendix: Nomenclature of Common Metamorphic Rocks.- Names of Important Rock Groups.- Prefixes.- Classification.

Erscheint lt. Verlag	12.12.2011
Zusatzinfo	31 Illustrations, black and white; XI, 320 p. 31 illus.
Verlagsort	New York, NY
Sprache	englisch
Maße	152 x 229 mm
Themenwelt	Schulbuch / Wörterbuch
	Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie
	Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Mineralogie / Paläontologie
ISBN-10	1-4612-9830-X / 146129830X
ISBN-13	978-1-4612-9830-4 / 9781461298304
Zustand	Neuware