Journey in Mathematics Education Research (eBook)

Insights from the Work of Paul Cobb
eBook Download: PDF
2010 | 1. Auflage
XXIV, 248 Seiten
Springer Netherlands (Verlag)
978-90-481-9729-3 (ISBN)

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Our objective is to publish a book that lays out the theoretical constructs and research methodologies within mathematics education that have been developed by Paul Cobb and explains the process of their development. We propose to do so by including papers in which Cobb introduced new theoretical perspectives and methodologies into the literature, each preceded by a substantive accompanying introductory paper that explains the motivation/rationale for developing the new perspectives and/or methodologies and the processes through which they were developed, and Cobb's own retrospective comments. In this way the book provides the reader with heretofore unpublished material that lays out in considerable detail the issues and problems that Cobb has confronted in his work, that, from his viewpoint, required theoretical and methodological shifts/advances and provides insight into how he has achieved the shifts/advances. The result will be a volume that, in addition to explaining Cobb's contributions to the field of mathematics education, also provides the reader with insight into what is involved in developing an aggressive and evolving research program. When Cobb confronts problems and issues in his work that cannot be addressed using his existing theories and frameworks, he looks to other fields for theoretical inspiration. A critical feature of Cobb's work is that in doing so, he consciously appropriates and adapts ideas from these other fields to the purpose of supporting processes of learning and teaching mathematics; He does not simply accept the goals or motives of those fields. As a result, Cobb reconceptualizes and reframes issues and concepts so that they result in new ways of investigating, exploring, and explaining phenomena that he encounters in the practical dimensions of his work, which include working in classrooms, with teachers, and with school systems. The effect is that the field of mathematics education is altered. Other researchers have found his 'new ways of looking' useful to them. And they, in turn, adapt these ideas for their own use. The complexity of many of the ideas that Cobb has introduced into the field of mathematics education can lead to a multiplicity of interpretations by practitioners and by other researchers, based on their own experiential backgrounds. Therefore, by detailing the development of Cobb's work, including the tensions involved in coming to grips with and reconciling apparently contrasting perspectives, the book will shed additional light on the processes of reconceptualization and thus help the reader to understand the reasons, mechanisms, and outcomes of researchers' constant pursuit of new insights.
Our objective is to publish a book that lays out the theoretical constructs and research methodologies within mathematics education that have been developed by Paul Cobb and explains the process of their development. We propose to do so by including papers in which Cobb introduced new theoretical perspectives and methodologies into the literature, each preceded by a substantive accompanying introductory paper that explains the motivation/rationale for developing the new perspectives and/or methodologies and the processes through which they were developed, and Cobb's own retrospective comments. In this way the book provides the reader with heretofore unpublished material that lays out in considerable detail the issues and problems that Cobb has confronted in his work, that, from his viewpoint, required theoretical and methodological shifts/advances and provides insight into how he has achieved the shifts/advances. The result will be a volume that, in addition to explaining Cobb's contributions to the field of mathematics education, also provides the reader with insight into what is involved in developing an aggressive and evolving research program. When Cobb confronts problems and issues in his work that cannot be addressed using his existing theories and frameworks, he looks to other fields for theoretical inspiration. A critical feature of Cobb s work is that in doing so, he consciously appropriates and adapts ideas from these other fields to the purpose of supporting processes of learning and teaching mathematics; He does not simply accept the goals or motives of those fields. As a result, Cobb reconceptualizes and reframes issues and concepts so that they result in new ways of investigating, exploring, and explaining phenomena that he encounters in the practical dimensions of his work, which include working in classrooms, with teachers, and with school systems. The effect is that the field of mathematics education is altered. Other researchers have foundhis "e;new ways of looking"e; useful to them. And they, in turn, adapt these ideas for their own use. The complexity of many of the ideas that Cobb has introduced into the field of mathematics education can lead to a multiplicity of interpretations by practitioners and by other researchers, based on their own experiential backgrounds. Therefore, by detailing the development of Cobb s work, including the tensions involved in coming to grips with and reconciling apparently contrasting perspectives, the book will shed additional light on the processes of reconceptualization and thus help the reader to understand the reasons, mechanisms, and outcomes of researchers constant pursuit of new insights.

Foreword 7
Cobbs, and the Fields, Learning Trajectory 7
The Scientific Quality of Cobbs Research 10
References 11
Acknowledgments 13
Contents 15
Contributors 17
About Paul Cobb 19
About the Contributors 21
1 Introduction 25
References 29
Part I Radical Constructivism 30
2 Introduction 31
References 38
3 The Constructivist Researcher as Teacher and Model Builder 40
Why We, as Researchers, Act as Teachers 41
The Constructivist View of Teaching 42
Teaching Episodes and Clinical Interviews 43
Teaching Experiments 44
Macroschemes and Microschemes 44
Constructivist and Nonconstructivist Microschemes 45
Model Building in a Teaching Experiment 45
Development of Jason's Counting Schemes 46
Model BuildingThe Quest for Generality and Specificity 48
The Educational Significance of Models 49
References 50
Part II Social Constructivism 52
4 Introduction 53
References 59
5 Young Childrens Emotional Acts While Engaged in Mathematical Problem Solving 61
Emotional Acts, Beliefs, and Social Context 62
Social Norms 63
Sources of Beliefs 64
Overview of the Teaching Experiment 67
Methodology 67
Rationale for Instructional Activities 68
Classroom Organization 69
Classroom Social Interactions 70
Examples from the Classroom 73
Construction of Classroom Norms 73
Interpreting Situations 75
Beliefs About the Teacher's Role 77
Beliefs About Doing Mathematics 78
Positive Emotional Acts 81
Reflections 83
Implications 85
References 88
Part III Symbolizing and Instructional Design - Developing Instructional Sequences to Support Students' Mathematical Learning 92
6 Introduction 93
References 100
7 Learning from Distributed Theories of Intelligence 103
Classroom-Based Instructional Design 105
Distributed Intelligence 109
Points of Resistance 110
In Praise of the Individual 110
Characterizing the Individual 112
Tool Use 117
Conclusion 119
References 120
Part IV Classroom Mathematical Practices 124
8 Introduction 125
References 131
9 Participating in Classroom Mathematical Practices 132
Design Research 133
Interpretative Framework 136
Social and Psychological Perspectives 137
Aspects of the Classroom Microculture and Individual Students' Reasoning 140
Methodological Considerations 144
Measurement Practices 148
Background to the Teaching Experiment 148
The Classroom Microculture 150
The Emergence of the First Two Mathematical Practices 151
The Emergence of the Third Mathematical Practice 154
Methodological Reflections 162
Trustworthiness, Replicability, And Commensurability 167
Usefulness 169
Limitations 171
Conclusion 172
References 173
Part V Diversity and Equity 179
10 Introduction 180
References 189
11 Culture, Identity, and Equity in the Mathematics Classroom 191
A Provisional Definition of Equity 192
Two Views of Culture 193
Local Cultures and Broader Discourses 195
Structural and Situational Rationales for Learning in School 197
Identity and Learning 198
Normative Identity 200
Core Identity 201
Personal Identity 202
Conclusion 204
References 205
Part VI The Institutional Setting of Mathematics Teaching and Learning 208
12 Introduction 209
References 214
13 The Collective Mediation of a High-Stakes Accountability Program: Communities and Networks of Practice 217
Background to the District and to Our Collaboration 219
The Institutional Setting in Which the Teachers Revised Their Instructional Practices 224
A Joint Enterprise 224
Mutual Relationships 225
A Well-Honed Repertoire of Ways of Reasoning with Tools and Artifacts 225
The Mathematics Leadership Community 226
School Leadership Communities 227
Interconnections Between Communities of Practice 230
Boundary Encounters 230
Brokers 230
Boundary Objects 231
Discussion 233
References 239
14 Epilogue: On the Importance of Looking Back 241
What Is New Seeing the Big Picture 242
How Does Innovation Happen 244
Coda 249
References 249
Author Index 250
Subject Index 254

Erscheint lt. Verlag 30.11.2010
Reihe/Serie Mathematics Education Library
Mitarbeit Sonstige Mitarbeit: Paul Cobb
Zusatzinfo XXIV, 248 p.
Verlagsort Dordrecht
Sprache englisch
Themenwelt Schulbuch / Wörterbuch
Geisteswissenschaften
Mathematik / Informatik Mathematik
Sozialwissenschaften Pädagogik Erwachsenenbildung
Sozialwissenschaften Pädagogik Schulpädagogik / Grundschule
Technik
Schlagworte Equity and Identity • Institutional Setting of Mathematics • Instructional Design • Mathematical Practices • Mathematics Teaching and Learning • Radical Constructivism • social constructivism • Symbolizing
ISBN-10 90-481-9729-5 / 9048197295
ISBN-13 978-90-481-9729-3 / 9789048197293
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