Present Knowledge in Nutrition

Bernadette P. Marriott holds the position of Professor, and Nutrition Section Director, Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC). Bernadette has 35 years of experience in the fields of nutrition, psychology, and comparative medicine with expertise in diet, nutrition and chronic disease. Dr. Marriott has worked in scientific and administration positions in the federal government, the National Academies, universities, and foundations. She was founding director of the Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH and Deputy Director, Food and Nutrition Board, NAS. Her research has focused on both human and animal nutrition and related behavioral studies (in humans: diet and health research, and food labeling; in animals: nonhuman primate nutrition and behavioral ecology). She is currently leading or has recently led research projects funded by the Army, DoD, NSF, NIH, USDA, industry, and foundations. Bernadette Marriott has a BSc in biology/immunology from Bucknell University (1970), a Ph.D. in psychology from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland (1976) and postgraduate training in trace mineral nutrition, comparative medicine, and advanced statistics. She has published extensively, is on a number of national committees and university scientific advisory boards, and is a frequent speaker on diet, dietary supplements and health. In 2016 Dr. Marriott was inducted as a Fellow of the American Society for Nutrition. Diane F. Birt is Distinguished Professor in Food Science and Human Nutrition at Iowa State University. She has B.S. degrees in Home Economics and Chemistry from Whittier College (1971) and a Ph.D. in Nutrition from Purdue University (1975). Her expertise is in diet and cancer prevention and plant components and health promotion. She was at the University of Nebraska Medical Center (1976-1997) before coming to Chair the department of Food Science and Human Nutrition (1997-2004). Dietary prevention of cancer has been a long-standing interest in the Birt laboratory. More recent research has focused on the prevention of colon cancer by slowly digested maize starches using cell culture and animal models that reflect particular genetic changes that are important in human colon cancer development. She was on the Board of Scientific Counselors for the National Toxicology Program (US Department of Health) and the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine, U.S. National Academy of Sciences. In 2015 Dr. Birt was inducted as a Fellow of the American Society for Nutrition and in 2016 she was inducted as a member of the National Academy of Medicine. Virginia Stallings is a Professor of Pediatrics at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and is the recipient of the Jean A Cortner Endowed Chair in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. She holds a BS in Nutrition and Food from Auburn University, MS in Nutrition and Biochemistry from Cornell University, and MD from the University of Alabama Birmingham. Her general pediatric residency was completed at the University of Virginia followed by a subspecialty fellowship in nutrition at the Hospital for Sick Children. Over her career at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia she contributed to clinical care, fellow and faculty training and clinical and translational research in the abnormalities of growth, nutritional status and health of children with chronic diseases and in those in good health. She has served on many National Academy of Sciences committees to advise on child health, nutrition and federal nutrition programs and is a member of the National Academy of Medicine. The American Academy of Pediatrics and American Society for Nutrition have recognized her efforts with awards for science, mentoring, and service. Allison A. Yates holds Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees from the University of California at Los Angeles in public health and dietetics, a PhD from the University of California at Berkeley in nutrition, and is a registered dietitian having completed a dietetic internship at the VA Center in Los Angeles. She served on the faculties of the University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston, Emory University School of Medicine, and was the founding Dean of the College of Health and Human Sciences at the University of Southern Mississippi. Her research focused on human protein and energy requirements. In 1994, she was named Director of the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, where, over a 10-year period, she led the expanded approach to establishing human requirements and recommendations for nutrients (RDAs), termed Dietary Reference Intakes for the United States and Canada. She was appointed Director of the Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (ARS) in 2006, and in 2011 became Associate Director for the ARS Beltsville Area region, retiring in 2014. She was inducted as a Fellow of the American Society for Nutrition in 2014.

Contents of Volume 2 Editor Biographies  Contributors to Volume 2  Foreword  Preface  Acknowledgments   Section A. Lifestage Nutrition and Maintaining Health

1. Infant nutrition  STEPHANIE P. GILLEY AND NANCY F. KREBS 2. Nutrient needs and requirements during growth  ELIZABETH PROUT PARKS, MARIA R. MASCARENHAS, AND VI GOH 3. Maternal nutrient metabolism and requirements in pregnancy  KIMBERLY K. VESCO, KAREN LINDSAY, AND MARIE JOHNSON 4. Nutrient metabolism and requirements in lactation  JIMI FRANCIS AND REBECCA EGDORF 5. Nutrition, aging, and requirements in the elderly  IBRAHIM ELMADFA AND ALEXA L. MEYER 6. Nutrition for sport and physical activity  LOUISE M. BURKE AND MELINDA M. MANORE 7. A ration is not food until it is eaten: nutrition lessons learned from feeding soldiers  KARL E. FRIEDL, E. WAYNE ASKEW, AND DAVID D. SCHNAKENBERG 8. Energy balance: impact of physiology and psychology on food choice and eating behavior ALEXANDRA M. JOHNSTONE AND SYLVIA STEPHEN 9. Eating behaviors and strategies to promote weight loss and maintenance  DONNA H. RYAN AND STEPHEN ANTON 10. Taste, cost, convenience, and food choices  ADAM DREWNOWSKI AND PABLO MONSIVAIS

Section B. Nutrition Monitoring, Measurement, and Regulation

11. Present knowledge in nutrition -nutrient databases  DAVID B. HAYTOWITZ AND PAMELA R. PEHRSSON 12. Nutrition surveillance  KIRSTEN A. HERRICK AND CYNTHIA L. OGDEN 13. Dietary patterns  SARAH A. MCNAUGHTON 14. Assessment of dietary intake by self-reports and biological markers  MARGA C. OCKE´, JEANNE H.M. DE VRIES, AND PAUL J.M. HULSHOF 15. Establishing nutrient intake values  JANINE L. LEWIS AND JOHANNA T. DWYER 16. Nutrition in labeling  ELIZABETH J. CAMPBELL, JAMES E. HOADLEY, AND ROBERT C. POST 17. Food insecurity, hunger, and malnutrition  KATHERINE ALAIMO, MARIANA CHILTON, AND SONYA J. JONES

Section C. Clinical Nutrition

18. The role of diet in chronic disease  KATHERINE L. TUCKER 19. Eating disorders  RENEE D. RIENECKE, LAURA M. NANCE, AND ELIZABETH M. WALLIS 20. Diabetes and insulin resistance  KIRSTINE J. BELL, STEPHEN COLAGIURI, AND JENNIE  BRAND-MILLER 21. Hypertension  THOMAS A.B. SANDERS 22. Nutrition and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease  PHILIP A. SAPP, TERRENCE M. RILEY, ALYSSA M. TINDALL, VALERIE K. SULLIVAN, EMILY A. JOHNSTON, KRISTINA S. PETERSEN, AND PENNY M. KRIS-ETHERTON 23. Nutrition and gastrointestinal disorders  CAROLYN NEWBERRY, ELIZABETH PROUT PARKS, AND ASIM MAQBOOL 24. Kidney disease and nutrition in adults and children  NAMRATA G. JAIN, HILDA E. FERNANDEZ, AND THOMAS L. NICKOLAS 25. Alcohol: the role in nutrition and health  PAOLO M. SUTER 26. Liver disease  CRAIG JAMES MCCLAIN, LAURA SMART, SARAH SAFADI, AND IRINA KIRPICH 27. Nutritional anemias  AJIBOLA IBRAHEEM ABIOYE AND WAFAIE W. FAWZI 28. Nutrition and bone disease  RENE´ RIZZOLI 29. Food allergies, sensitivities, and intolerances  STEVE L. TAYLOR AND JOSEPH L. BAUMERT 30. Nutrition and autoimmune diseases  SIMIN NIKBIN MEYDANI, WEIMIN GUO, SUNG NIM HAN, AND DAYONG WU 31. Specialized nutrition support  VIVIAN M. ZHAO AND THOMAS R. ZIEGLER 32. Nutrition support in critically ill adults and children  SHARON Y. IRVING, LIAM MCKEEVER, VIJAY SRINIVASAN, AND CHARLENE COMPHER 33. Clinical nutrition in patients with cancer  ASTA BYE AND ELLISIV LÆRUM-ONSAGER 34. Specialized nutrition support in burns, wasting, deconditioning, and hypermetabolic conditions  JUQUAN SONG, STEVEN E. WOLF, CHARLES E. WADE, AND THOMAS R. ZIEGLER

Index