Wheat Syndromes

Detlef Schuppan, MD, Phd, is director of the Institute of Translational Immunology at Mainz University Medical Center in Germany. He is also Professor of Medicine at the Division of Gastroenterology at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School in Boston, MA, USA. He had made major contributions in the fields of intestinal and liver diseases, examples are the identification of the autoantigene of celiac disease, tissue transglutaminase; discovery of wheat amylase-trypsin inhibitors as triggers of ATI-sensitivity; the new entitiy of atypical food allergies as major cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); key work in diagnosis and treatment of fibrotic diseases, especially liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, to name a few. He runs a lab with numerous well-funded research projects and world-wide collaborations. His outpatient clinic is unique and currently focuses on patients with complicated and often undiagnosed intestinal and liver diseases.

1 Introduction.- 2 Wheat, gluten and ATI: An overview.- 3 Immunology of the intestine.- 4 Celiac disease and its manifold manifestations.- 5 ATI sensitivity.- 6 Lactose, fructose and histamine intolerance: Over-diagnosed and overrated.- 7 Classical and atypical food allergies.- 8 It's not always wheat!.- 9 Outlook.