Deep Carbon

Beth Orcutt is a senior research scientist at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Maine. Her research focuses on understanding microscopic life at and below the seafloor. Having clocked over 600 days at sea on field missions, including dives to the seafloor in the Alvin Submersible, she is an expert in ocean exploration. Orcutt has received a Kavli Frontiers in Science fellowship and the 2018 Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Division post-tenure award from the Geological Society of America. Isabelle Daniel is Professor of Earth Sciences at the Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, France. She is also affiliated with the Laboratoire de Geologie de Lyon and chairs the Observatoire de Lyon. Her research focuses on geobiology and minerals, rocks, and fluids under extreme conditions. She investigates serpentinization and serpentine minerals, fluid-rock interactions at high pressure and microorganisms under extreme conditions. She is a fellow of the Mineralogical Society of America. Rajdeep Dasgupta is Professor of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences at Rice University, Houston. His research focuses on deep processes of Earth and planetary interiors, which he pursues using geochemical and petrological approaches. He is a recipient of the James B. Macelwane Medal and Hisashi Kuno Award from the American Geophysical Union, the FW Clarke Medal from the Geochemical Society, the Faculty Early Career Award from NSF, the Packard Fellowship for Science and Engineering. He is also a fellow of the American Geophysical Union.

1. Introduction to Deep Carbon: Past to Present Beth N. Orcutt, Isabelle Daniel, Rajdeep Dasgupta, Darlene Trew Crist and Marie Edmonds; 2. Origin and early differentiation of carbon and associated life-essential volatile elements on Earth Rajdeep Dasgupta and Damanveer S. Grewal; 3. Carbon versus other light elements in Earth's Core Jie Li, Bin Chen, Mainak Mookherjee and Guillaume Morard; 4. Carbon-bearing phases throughout Earth's interior: evolution through space and time Vincenzo Stagno, Valerio Cerantola, Sonja Aulbach, Sergey Lobanov, Catherine A. McCammon and Marco Merlini; 5. Diamonds and the mantle geodynamics of carbon: deep mantle carbon evolution from the diamond record Steven B. Shirey, Karen V. Smit, D. Graham Pearson, Michael J. Walter, Sonja Aulbach, Frank E. Brenker, Hélène Bureau, Antony D. Burnham, Pierre Cartigny, Thomas Chacko, Daniel J. Frost, Erik H. Hauri, Dorrit E. Jacob, Steven D. Jacobsen, Simon C. Kohn, Robert W. Luth, Sami Mikhail, Oded Navon, Fabrizio Nestola, Paolo Nimis, Evan M. Smith, Thomas Stachel, Vincenzo Stagno, Andrew Steele, Emilie Thomassot, Andrew R. Thomson and Yakov Weiss; 6. CO2-rich melts in the Earth Gregory Yaxley, Sujoy Ghosh, Ekaterina Kiseeva, Ananya Mallik, Carl Spandler, Andrew R. Thomson and Michael J. Walter; 7. The link between physical and chemical properties of carbon-bearing melts and its application for geophysical image of the Earth's mantle Fabrice Gaillard, Nicolas Sator, Emmanuel Gardes, Bertrand Guillot, Malcolm Massuyeau, David Sifré, Tahar Hammouda and Guillaume Richard; 8. Carbon dioxide emissions from subaerial volcanic regions: two decades in review Cynthia Werner, Tobias P. Fischer, Alessandro Aiuppa, Marie Edmonds, Carlo Cardellini, Simon Carn, Giovanni Chiodini, Elizabeth Cottrell, Mike Burton, Hiroshi Shinohara and Patrick Allard; 9. Carbon in the convecting mantle Erik H. Hauri, Elizabeth Cottrell, Katherine A. Kelley, Jonathan M. Tucker, Kei Shimizu, Marion Le Voyer, Jared Marske and Alberto E. Saal; 10. How do subduction zones regulate the carbon cycle? Matthieu Emmanuel Galvez and Manuel Pubellier; 11. A framework for understanding whole Earth carbon cycling Cin-Ty A. Lee, Hehe Jiang, Rajdeep Dasgupta and Mark Torres; 12. The influence of nanoporosity on the behavior of carbon-bearing fluids David Cole and Alberto Striolo; 13. A two-dimensional perspective on CH4 isotope clumping: distinguishing process from source Edward D. Young; 14. Earth as organic chemist Everett Shock, Christiana Bockisch, Charlene Estrada, Kristopher Fecteau, Ian R. Gould, Hilairy Hartnett, Kristin Johnson, Kirtland Robinson, Jessie Shipp and Lynda Williams; 15. New perspectives on abiotic organic synthesis and processing during hydrothermal alteration of the oceanic lithosphere Muriel Andreani and Bénédicte Ménez; 16. Carbon in the deep biosphere: forms, fates, and biogeochemical cycling Susan Q. Lang, Magdalena R. Osburn and Andrew D. Steen; 17. Biogeography, ecology and evolution of deep life Cara Magnabosco, Jennifer F. Biddle, Charles S. Cockell, Sean P. Jungbluth and Katrina I. Twing; 18. The genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics of carbon cycling by deep life Karen G. Lloyd, Cody S. Sheik, Bertrand Garcia-Moreno and Catherine A. Royer; 19. Energy limits for life in the subsurface Doug LaRowe and Jan Amend; 20. Deep carbon through deep time: data-driven insights Robert M. Hazen, Yana Bromberg, Robert T. Downs, Ahmed Eleish, Paul G. Falkowski, Peter Fox, Donato Giovannelli, Daniel R. Hummer, Grethe Hystad, Joshua J. Golden, Andrew H. Knoll, Congrui Li, Chao Liu, Eli K. Moore, Shaunna M. Morrison, A. D. Muscente, Anirudh Prabhu, Jolyon Ralph, Michelle Y. Rucker, Simone E. Runyon, Lisa A. Warden and Hao Zhong.