Introduction to General Virology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
An Introduction to General Virology 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7
PREFACE 8
CHAPTER 1. THE HISTORY AND NATURE OF VIRUSES 10
REFERENCES 13
CHAPTER 2. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF VIRUSES 14
Physical Size and Structure 14
Chemical Structure 17
Virus Growth and Multiplication 19
REFERENCES 20
CHAPTER 3. EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS 23
The Mouse 23
Production of Antisera 26
REFERENCES 27
CHAPTER 4. THE CHICK EMBRYO 29
Chorio-allantoic Membrane Inoculation 30
Allantoic Cavity Inoculation 31
Amniotic Cavity Inoculation 32
Yolk Sac Inoculation 33
Embryo Inoculation 33
REFERENCES 34
CHAPTER 5. TISSUE CULTURES 35
Preparation of Material 35
Culture Media 37
Primary Expiant Cultures 38
Maitland Cultures 39
Monolayer Cultures 40
Preparation of Cultures 40
Tube Cultures 41
Petri Dish and Bottle Cultures 42
REFERENCES 43
CHAPTER 6. SEROLOGY 45
Neutralisation 46
Haemagglutination-Inhibition 49
Complement Fixation 50
Agar-gel Diffusion 51
Fluorescent-antibody Techniques 52
REFERENCES 53
CHAPTER 7. VIRAL INTERFERENCE AND ANTI-VIRAL SUBSTANCES 55
Interference 55
Interferon 57
Antiviral Substances 59
REFERENCES 59
CHAPTER 8. CLASSIFICATION 61
Viruses Infecting Vertebrates 62
The Insect Viruses 63
The Plant Viruses 64
Bacteriophages 65
Future Developments 65
REFERENCES 66
CHAPTER 9. THE PICORNAVIRUSES 67
Biological Properties 67
Growth 70
Classification 75
Genetics 77
REFERENCES 78
CHAPTER 10. MANIFESTATIONS OF PICORNAVIRUS INFECTION 81
Diseases of Humans 81
Vaccination 86
Non-Human Picornaviruses 86
REFERENCES 87
CHAPTER 11. THE ADENOVIRUSES 91
Biological Properties 92
Growth 93
Classification 95
Clinical Manifestations of Adenovirus Infection 96
Vaccination 100
Non-Human Adenoviruses 100
REFERENCES 101
CHAPTER 12. THE REOVIRUSES 104
Biological Properties 104
Growth 106
Classification and Natural Hosts 107
Clinical Illness 107
Non-Animal Reoviruses 108
REFERENCES 109
CHAPTER 13. THE ARBOVIRUSES 111
Biological Properties 112
Growth 114
Classification and Natural Hosts 117
REFERENCES 124
CHAPTER 14. MANIFESTATIONS OF ARBOVIRUS INFECTION 128
Diseases of Man 128
Epidemiology 132
Vaccination 133
Non-human Arbovirus Infections 134
REFERENCES 135
CHAPTER 15. THE MYXOVIRUSES 138
Biological Properties 138
Growth 143
Classification 147
Genetics 149
REFERENCES 150
CHAPTER 16. MANIFESTATIONS OF MYXOVIRUS INFECTION 153
Diseases of Man 153
Laboratory Investigations 158
Vaccination 158
Non-human Myxoviruses 159
Rabies 159
REFERENCES 161
CHAPTER 17. THE HERPESVIRUSES 164
Biological Properties 164
Growth 167
Classification 171
Clinical Manifestations of Herpesvirus Infection 172
Diseases of the Skin and Mucous Membranes 174
Non-human Herpesviruses 175
REFERENCES 176
CHAPTER 18. THE POXVIRUSES 179
Biological Properties 179
Growth 183
Classification 187
Clinical Manifestations of Poxvirus Infection 189
Smallpox 189
Treatment 190
Epidemiology 191
Laboratory Investigations 191
Vaccination 192
Other Poxvirus Infections 193
Molluscum Contagiosum 193
Cowpox 193
Paravaccinia 193
Contagious Pustular Dermatitis 194
Myxomatosis 194
REFERENCES 195
CHAPTER 19. UNGROUPED VIRUSES 198
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis 198
Rubella or German Measles 200
Hepatitis 203
DA Virus 203
Hemoviruses 204
Lipovirus 204
Serum Hepatitis 206
Virus Mucosal-disease Complex 206
REFERENCES 207
CHAPTER 20. TUMOUR VIRUSES 210
The Papovaviruses 211
Biological Properties 211
Growth 213
Classification 214
Tumours Induced by Viruses 215
Transformation of Cells 218
The Aetiology of Cancer 220
REFERENCES 222
CHAPTER 21. BACTERIOPHAGE 225
Structure 226
Lytic Growth Cycle 227
Lysogeny 229
Typing of Bacteria 232
REFERENCES 232
CHAPTER 22. THE RICKETTSIALES 234
Biological Properties 234
Growth 236
Classification 236
Manifestations of Rickettsial Infections 237
Epidemic Typhus (Louse-borne) 237
Murine Typhus (Flea-borne) 239
Scrub Typhus 239
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever 240
Tick-borne Typhus 240
Rickettsialpox 241
Trench Fever 241
Q-Fever 242
Arthropod Pathogens 243
REFERENCES 243
CHAPTER 23. THE PSITTACOSIS-LGV-TRACHOMA(PLT) GROUP 245
Biological Properties 245
Growth 246
Classification 248
Manifestations of PLT Infection 248
Non-human Infections 251
REFERENCES 252
CHAPTER 24. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF VIRUS DISEASES 253
Immunity and Environment 259
Arthropod Vectors 261
Epidemic Spread 261
CHAPTER 25. VACCINATION 263
Adenovirus Vaccines 263
Poliovirus Vaccine 264
Yellow Fever Vaccine 267
Smallpox Vaccine 268
REFERENCES 270
AUTHOR INDEX 272
INDEX 288