Antigens (eBook)
588 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-6989-4 (ISBN)
The Antigens, Volume I is a comprehensive treatise covering all aspects of antigens, including their chemistry and biology, structure and function, their initiation of the immune response, and the nature of the products of this response. The nature of the reaction of antigens with antibodies and with sensitized cells is also explored. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the antigenic functions of nucleic acids as well as their immunogenicity, hapten functions, and serologic reactions. The reader is then introduced to the immunochemistry and antigenic determinants of enzymes, along with the structure and phylogeny of immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin allotypes. The evolution of proteins and their structure and function is also considered, paying particular attention to evolution by the random fixation of selectively neutral alleles, the rates of protein evolution, gene duplication, and divergence or convergence. The final chapter is devoted to the chemistry and biology of immunoglobulin E as well as the regulation of formation of their antibodies. This book will be of interest to practitioners and researchers in immunology, experimental and clinical medicine, biochemistry, and other disciplines.
Front Cover 1
The Antigens 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
List of Contributors 10
Preface 12
Contents of Volume II 14
CHAPTER
16
I. Introduction 17
II. Criteria for Establishing a Nucleic Acid Immune System 18
III. Possible Antigenic Determinants and the Meaning of Specificity 22
IV. Experimentally Induced Antibodies to Nucleic Acids 26
V. The Natural Occurrence of Antibodies to Nucleic Acids 55
VI. Applications of Antibodies to Nucleic Acids 72
VII. Conclusion 88
Acknowledgments 89
References 89
CHAPTER
102
I. Introduction 103
II. Inhibition and Enhancement of Enzyme Activity
106
III. Immunologie Approach to Evolution of Enzymes 112
IV. Antigenic Determinants of Enzymes 116
V. Structure-Function Correlation Pertaining to Catalytic and
124
VI. Immunologie Relationship between Enzymes and
132
VII. Enzymes and Apoenzymes 137
VIII. Multiple Forms of Enzymes 141
IX. Allosteric Enzymes 147
X. Individual Enzymes: Immunochemical Characterization 149
XL Concluding Remarks 166
References 167
CHAPTER
176
I. Introduction 177
II. History 178
III. Nomenclature 186
IV. Tertiary and Quaternary Structure 198
V. Disulfide Bond Arrangements 223
VI. Primary Structure of Immunoglobulin Chains 226
VII. The Nature of the Antibody Combining Site 260
VIII. Immunoglobulins as Antigens 265
IX. Immunoglobulin Genetic Markers 267
X. Immunoglobulin Gene Translocation 275
XI. The Origin of Immunoglobulin Diversity 284
XII. Future Prospects 298
Acknowledgments 300
References 300
Chapter 4. Immunoglobulin Allotypes 314
I. Introduction 315
II. Allotypes of Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Immunoglobulins 316
III. The Allotypes and Idiotypes of Mouse
337
IV. Allotypes of Human Immunoglobulins 363
References 382
CHAPTER
392
I. Introduction 393
II. Goals of the Study of Protein Evolution 393
III. Data Collection for Studies of Protein Evolution 400
IV. The Evolution of Structure and Function 405
V. Evolution by the Random Fixation of Selectively Neutral Alleles 414
VI. Rates of Protein Evolution 415
VII. Gene Duplication and Divergence or Convergence 422
VIII. The Future 424
Acknowledgments 425
References 425
CHAPTER
432
I. Introduction 432
II. Natural Agglutinins 435
III. Cyclostome Immunoglobulins 440
IV. Elasmobranch Immunoglobulins 452
V. Osteichthyes Immunoglobulins 456
VI. Amphibian Immunoglobulins 460
VII. Reptile Immunoglobulins 462
VIII. Avian Immunoglobulins 465
IX. Amino Acid Sequence Analysis of Nonmammalian Vertebrate
473
X. The Specificity, Affinity, and Heterogeneity of Antibody
477
XII. Conclusions and Summary 484
Acknowledgments 486
References 486
Chapter 7. Chemistry and Biology of
494
I. Introduction 494
II. Identification of IgE 495
III. Physicochemical Properties and Structure 499
IV. Immunologie Properties 502
V. Formation and Metabolism 508
VI. Molecular and Cellular Basis of Sensitization 511
VII. Immune Mechanisms of Reaginic Hypersensitivity Reactions 522
VIII. Biologic Role of IgE System 526
IX. Regulation of IgE Antibody Formation 530
Acknowledgments 540
References 540
Author Index 544
Subject Index 574
Erscheint lt. Verlag | 10.5.2014 |
---|---|
Sprache | englisch |
Themenwelt | Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Natur / Technik ► Naturführer |
Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie | |
Technik | |
ISBN-10 | 1-4832-6989-2 / 1483269892 |
ISBN-13 | 978-1-4832-6989-4 / 9781483269894 |
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