Mammalian Cell Membranes (eBook)

Front Cover 1
The Diversity of Membranes 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
CONTRIBUTORS 10
PREFACE 12
CHAPTER 1. THE ORGANIZATION OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE OF MAMMALIAN CELLS: STRUCTURE IN RELATION TO FUNCTION 14
1.1 Introduction 14
1.2 Chemical composition and membrane architecture 16
1.3 Lipid fluidity and membrane function 36
1.4 Some consequences of translateral movement 45
1.5 A special class of proteins: transplantation antigens 49
1.6 Regional specialization of the cell surface membrane 51
1.7 Regulatory molecules (hormones, mitogens and natural growth factors) interacting with the cell surface 53
1.8 Cell contact and growth control 57
CHAPTER 2. MEMBRANES OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM AND THE SECRETORY SYSTEM AND THEIR ROLE IN PLASMA MEMBRANE REGULATION 68
2.1 Introduction 68
2.2 Membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum 69
2.3 Membranes of the secretory system 85
2.4 Withdrawal of membrane from the plasma membrane and its consequences 105
2.5 Final note 113
CHAPTER 3. MEMBRANES OF THE GOLGI APPARATUS 121
3.1 Morphology 121
3.2 Chemical composition 126
3.3 Functional roles of Golgi membranes 137
3.4 Biogenesis of Golgi membranes 144
CHAPTER 4. THE STRUCTURE OF MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANES 154
4.1 Introduction 154
4.2 The mitochondrial outer membrane 155
4.3 The mitochondrial inner membrane 157
CHAPTER 5. LYSOSOMAL MEMBRANES 178
5.1 Introduction 178
5.2 Stability of the lysosomal membrane 178
5.3 Permeability of the lysosomal membrane in vitro 184
5.4 Permeability of the lysosomal membrane in the cell 186
5.5 Permeability of the lysosomal membrane and function of lysosomes 189
5.6 Origin of the lysosomal membrane 192
5.7 Chemical and enzymatic composition of the lysosomal membrane 194
CHAPTER 6. MICROBODY MEMBRANES 198
6.1 General properties of the organelle 198
6.2 Microbody enzymes 199
6.3 The membrane 200
6.4 Membrane enzyme components 201
6.5 Lipid composition 202
6.6 Permeability 203
6.7 Shuttles of metabolites 204
6.8 Movement of protein across microbody membranes 205
6.9 Comparison of the microbody membrane with other membranes 206
CHAPTER 7. THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE IN MAMMALIAN CELLS 210
7.1 Introduction 210
7.2 Structure of the nuclear envelope 211
7.3 Composition of the nuclear envelope 234
7.4 The nuclear envelope during cell division and the cell cycle 246
7.5 Nucleo-cytoplasmic exchanges 253
7.6 Role of the nuclear envelope in cellular organization 265
7.7 Summary 271
CHAPTER 8. MYELIN 279
8.1 Definition 279
8.2 Molecular organization 281
8.3 Myelin formation 284
8.4 Chemical composition 290
8.5 Metabolic aspects of myelin 296
8.6 Defective myelination 304
8.7 Variations in myelination 305
8.8 Regeneration of the myelin sheath 305
CHAPTER 9. BASEMENT MEMBRANES 311
9.1 Introduction 311
9.2 Preparation of basement membranes 312
9.3 Solubility studies 313
9.4 Chemical characterization 314
9.5 Nature of the structural components 318
9.6 Immunochemical properties 329
9.7 Biosynthesis of basement membranes 331
9.8 Conclusions 332
CHAPTER 10. MICROVILLI AND CILIA: SURFACE SPECIALIZATIONS OF MAMMALIAN CELLS 336
10.1 Introduction 336
10.2 Microvilli 338
10.3 Ruffles and blebs 352
10.4 Cilia 353
INDEX 368