Comparative Neuropathology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Comparative Neuropathology 6
Copyright Page 7
Table of Contents 16
Authors and Contributors 10
Preface 12
Acknowledgments 14
CHAPTER I. Neuropathology 22
Part A. Introduction 22
REFERENCES FOR PART A 25
Part B. Introduction. The Reaction ofNeural Tissue to Disease-Producing Agents 26
REFERENCES FOR PART B 29
CHAPTER II. Neuroanatomy 32
REFERENCES 32
CHAPTER III. The Cerebrospinal Fluid 42
I. Introduction 42
II. Generalities 42
III. Horse 44
IV. Cattle 49
V. Sheep 57
VI. Goat 58
VII. Pig 59
VIII. Dog 61
IX. Cat 68
X. Rabbit 69
REFERENCES 70
CHAPTER IV. Neurologic Diseases of Apes and Monkeys 76
I. Introduction 76
II. Neuroanatomy 78
III. Cerebrospinal Fluid in Apes and Monkeys 86
IV. Confluent Leucoencephalosis and Perivascular Myelosis 88
V. Isolated Papillomacular Degeneration 97
VI. Experimental Demyelinating Diseases 97
VII. Meningitis 104
VIII. Epilepsies 109
IX. Acute Amaurotic Epilepsy 115
X. Acute Amaurosis without Epilepsy 121
XI. Encephalopathies and Dysenteric Syndromes 124
XII. Acute Polioencephalitis Predominantly in Brain Stem of Baboons 125
XIII. Choreic Syndrome in Baboons with Corticostriate Encephalitis 127
XIV. Tuberculosis 129
XV. Viral Encephalomyelitides 133
XVI. Experimental Work on Transmission of Inclusion Body Encephalitis (Dawson) or Subacute Sclerosing Leucoencephalitis (van Bogaert) 143
XVII. Clinically Silent Neural Lesions in Monkeys 144
XVIII. Experimental Polyradiculitis in Monkeys 146
XIX. Cerebellar Atrophy and Experimental Manganese Poisoning 146
XX. Miscellaneous Conditions 150
XXI. Clinical Observations of the Nervous System of Apes and Monkeys 160
CHAPTER V. Diseases of Skeletal Muscle 168
I. Introduction 168
II. General Reactions of Muscle to Injury 172
III. Congenital Defects 181
IV. Muscular Dystrophies 185
V. Degenerative Polymyopathies (Myodegeneration) 192
VI. Inflammatory Diseases—Myositis 212
VII. Changes in Muscle Associated with Specific Diseases 241
VIII. Tumors 244
IX. Miscellaneous Disorders 252
REFERENCES 253
CHAPTER VI. The Hypophysis 266
I. Morphology and Function 266
II. Developmental Disorders 271
III. Retrogressive Changes 273
IV. Regeneration 276
V. The Hypophysis and Disease of theTarget Organs 276
VI. Neoplastic Diseases 277
VII. Diabetes Insipidus and Hypothalamic Syndromes 283
REFERENCES 286
CHAPTER VIII. nherited Diseases and Congenital Anomalies 288
I. Classification 288
II. General Introduction 288
III. Congenital Anomalies and Malformations 295
IV. Hereditary Diseases in Which the Pathology Has Been Wholly, or Partly, Defined 309
V. Hereditary Diseases in Which Lesions Have Not Been Demonstrated 341
VI. Laboratory Animals 347
REFERENCES 348
CHAPTER VIII. Viral and Rickettsial Encephalomyelitides 358
I. General 358
II. Viral Encephalomyelitides of Small Laboratory Animals 363
III. Ovine and Caprine Encephalitides 366
IV. Feline Encephalitides 382
V. Canine Encephalitides 386
VI. Encephalomyelitides in Bovidae 432
VII. Encephalitides in Equidae 440
VIII. Porcine Encephalitides 453
REFERENCES 468
CHAPTER IX. Protozoan Infections 472
I. Introduction 472
II. Trypanosomiases of Man and Animals 473
III. Babesiosis (Red Water, Piroplasmosis, or Tick Fever) 502
IV. East Coast Fever (Theileriasis) and Turning Sickness in Africa 503
V. Encephalitozoönosis 505
VI. Toxoplasmosis 510
REFERENCES 514
CHAPTER X. Bacterial Infections 520
I. General 520
II. Tuberculosis 520
III. Listeriosis 529
IV. Anthrax 532
V. Miscellaneous Infections 532
VI. Hemophilus Infections 534
REFERENCES 537
CHAPTER XI. Mycotic Infections 542
I. Introduction 542
II. Cryptococcosis 542
III. Nocardiosis 544
IV. Actinomycosis 545
V. Coccidioidomycosis 545
VI. Aspergillosis 545
VII. Mucormycosis 545
REFERENCES 546
CHAPTER XII. Insect Larval Infections 548
I. Oestrus (Cephalomyia) ovis (Sheep Nasal Fly) 548
II. Hypoderma bovis and H. lineatum (Cattle Grub or Warble Fly) 548
III. Cuterebra (Diptera) Larvae in Cats 549
REFERENCES 551
CHAPTER XIII. Helminthic Infections 552
I. Cestodes 552
II. Nematodes 561
III. Trematodes 583
REFERENCES 584
CHAPTER XIV. Demyelinating or Myelinoclastic Diseases 592
I. General Introduction 592
II. Congenital Demyelination (Swayback) in Lambs 598
III. Other Neurologic Conditionsin Sheep and Lambs 611
IV. Acute Epizootic Leucoencephalitis in Horses (United States and China) 613
V. Equine Spinal Ataxia (Wobblers) 615
VI. Wild Animals 619
VII. Spontaneous Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in Mice 620
VIII. Demyelinating Disease of Adult Rats 621
IX. Inherited Leucoencephalosis in Mice 622
REFERENCES 622
CHAPTER XV. Encephalomalacia and Myelomalacia 628
I. Introduction 628
II. Focal Symmetrical Spinal Poliomalacia of Sheep in Kenya 630
III. Nigropallidal Malacia in Horses in California Associated with Ingestion of Yellow Star Thistle 634
IV. Focal Symmetrical Encephalomalacia of Lambs in New Zealand 636
V. Polioencephalomalacia of Cattle and Sheep in Colorado 638
VI. Encephalomalacia in Pigs in New Zealand and Canada 640
REFERENCES 643
CHAPTER XVI. Encephalitis: Post-Infective, Post-Vaccinal, and Experimental Allergic 646
I. Post-Infective Encephalitis 646
II. Post-Vaccinal Encephalitis (after Smallpox or Rabies Vaccination) 646
III. Experimental Allergic (or "Isoallergic") Encephalitis 649
REFERENCES 656
CHAPTER XVII. Transplacental Viral Complications 660
I. Disorders Associated with Hog Cholera 660
II. Disorders Associated with Japanese Encephalitis 661
II. Disorders Associated with Japanese Encephalitis 661
III. Disorders Associated with Bluetongue Vaccination 661
IV. Disorders Associated with Viral Disease of Cats 663
REFERENCES 663
CHAPTER XVIII. Meningitis 666
I. Introduction 666
II. Leptomeningitis 667
III. Pachymeningitis 676
REFERENCES 677
CHAPTER XIX. Pigmentations and Depositions 680
I. General 680
II. Pigments 680
III. Minerals 681
IV. Organic Deposits 684
REFERENCES 686
CHAPTER XX. Deficiency Diseases 690
I. Introduction 690
II. Vitamin A Deficiency 690
III. Thiamin Deficiency 700
IV. Nutritional Ataxiaand Paralysis in Pigs 704
V. Pantothenic Acid Deficiency 705
VI. Pyridoxine Deficiency 705
VII. Vitamin B12 Deficiency 709
VIII. Vitamin E Deficiency 710
IX. Concluding Remarks 710
REFERENCES 711
CHAPTER XXI. Intoxications 716
I. General 716
II. Bacterial Toxins 716
III. Plant and Chemical Poisons 721
REFERENCES 738
CHAPTER XXII. Neoplastic Diseases 742
I. General Introduction 742
II. Types of Tumors 745
III. Clinical Neurologic Signs in Animals 768
REFERENCES 769
CHAPTER XXIII. The Spinal Cord 774
I. Introduction 774
II. Neuroanatomy, Neurohistology, and Development 776
III. Arterial and Venous Systems 783
IV. Clinical Signs and Experimental Neurophysiology 788
V. Neuropathology 790
REFERENCES 810
CHAPTER XXIV. Spinal Ganglia, Nerve Roots, and Peripheral Nerves 814
I. Laryngeal Hemiplegia 
814 
II. Neuritis of the Cauda Equina in Horses 815
III. Peripheral Neuritis Causing Sterility in Bulls (Sweden) 817
IV. Chronic Neuritis in Cattle 818
V. Degeneration of Ventral Spinal Nerve Roots in Dogs (New Zealand) 818
REFERENCES 819
CHAPTER XXV. Miscellaneous Neurologic Disorders 820
I. Grass Disease (Sickness) of Horses in Europe 820
II. Haffkrankheit (Germany and Sweden) and Minimata Disease (Japan) in Man, Cats,and Other Animals 823
III. Paralytic Syndrome in Coonhounds 825
IV. "Fainting" in Foals 825
V. Stringhalt and Shivering of Horses 825
VI. Murrurundi Disease and Narrabri Disease of Sheep (Australia) 826
VII. Enzootic Equine "Encephalomyelitis" in Slovakia 827
VIII. Extrapyramidal Syndromes and Hepatocerebral Complexes 827
IX. Aleutian Disease in Mink 829
X. Neurologic Diseases in Wild Animals under Natural Conditions and in Captivity 829
REFERENCES 832
Appendix HERMANN DEXLER 836
BIBLIOGRAPHY 837
Subject Index 840